9.1

Question 1

What are the two structures in the Nervous system?

Answer 1

• CNS
• PNS

Question 2

Structures of the CNS

Answer 2

Brain
Spinal Cord

Question 3

Structures of the PNS

Answer 3

Cranial nerves
Spinal Nerves
Enteric Plexus
Ganglia
Sensory Receptors

Question 4

How many Cranial nerves? Spinal Nerves?

Answer 4

12, 31

Question 5

Small mass of nervous tissue in the PNS consisting of neuronal cell bodies

Answer 5

Ganglia

Question 6

What do sensory receptors do?

Answer 6

Monitor changes of environment

Question 7

Detects internal and external stimuli, carries information to the brain and spinal cord via nerves

Answer 7

Sensory afferent

Question 8

Information Proccessing

Answer 8

Integrative function

Question 9

Elicit motor responses to muscles or glands

Answer 9

Motor function efferent

Question 10

What are the two types of cells in nervous tissue?

Answer 10

Neurons and neuroglia

Question 11

Neuron- has many dendrites and one axon, found in CNS

Answer 11

Multipolar

Question 12

Neuron- One dendrite and one axon, retina and inner ear

Answer 12

Bipolar

Question 13

Neuron- fused dendrite and axon, sensory and spinal nerves

Answer 13

Unipolar

Question 14

What makes up half the volume of the CNS?

Answer 14

Neuroglia

Question 15

Neuroglia- Blood brain barrier

Answer 15

Astrocytes

Question 16

Neuroglia- Produce myelin

Answer 16

Oligodendrocytes

Question 17

Neuroglia- Protects CNS from disease

Answer 17

Microglia

Question 18

Neuroglia- Forms CSF

Answer 18

Ependymal

Question 19

Neuroglia- Produce myelin in PNS neurons

Answer 19

Schwann cells

Question 20

Neuroglia- Support neurons in PNS ganglia

Answer 20

Satellite cells

Question 21

What are examples of diseases that may occur if the Myelin sheath has deteriorated?

Answer 21

Tay- Sachs
Multiple sclerosis

Question 22

Define: Ganglion and Nucleus, what is different?

Answer 22

Ganglions are clusters of cell bodies in the PNS
Nucleus are clusters of cell bodies in the CNS

Question 23

Bundle of axons in the PNS, CNS?

Answer 23

Nerve
Tract

Question 24

White matter

Answer 24

myelinated axons

Question 25

Gray matter

Answer 25

Cell bodies Dendrites Unmyelinated axons Axon terminals neuroglia

Question 26

What needs to be present for PNS neurons to be repaired? CNS?

Answer 26

Schwann cells Nothing

Question 27

What is another term for Action potential?

Answer 27

Nerve impulses

Question 28

What is the threshold needed for an action potential to occur? What is permeating into the cell to cause an AP? What Phase is this?

Answer 28

-55 mv Na Sodium Depolarization

Question 29

After an Action potential happens, what permeates into the cell? What phase is going on and what is the target resting value?

Answer 29

K potassium repolarization -70mv

Question 30

Conduction- Unmyelinated, slower form

Answer 30

Continuous

Question 31

Conduction- Myelinated, Nodes of RV

Answer 31

Saltatory

Question 32

Components of the Synapse (3)

Answer 32

Presynaptic neuron Synaptic cleft Postsynaptic neuron

Question 33

Acetylcholine, Amino acids, Modified Amino acids, Neuropeptides, and nitric oxide are all examples of what?

Answer 33

Neurotransmitters

Question 34

3 subdivisions of the PNS

Answer 34

Autonomic - fight or flight Enteric - brain of the gut Somatic- conveying info