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Neuro > 9.1 > Flashcards

9.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two structures in the Nervous system?

A
  • CNS
  • PNS
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2
Q

Structures of the CNS

A

Brain
Spinal Cord

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3
Q

Structures of the PNS

A

Cranial nerves
Spinal Nerves
Enteric Plexus
Ganglia
Sensory Receptors

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4
Q

How many Cranial nerves? Spinal Nerves?

A

12, 31

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5
Q

Small mass of nervous tissue in the PNS consisting of neuronal cell bodies

A

Ganglia

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6
Q

What do sensory receptors do?

A

Monitor changes of environment

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7
Q

Detects internal and external stimuli, carries information to the brain and spinal cord via nerves

A

Sensory afferent

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8
Q

Information Proccessing

A

Integrative function

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9
Q

Elicit motor responses to muscles or glands

A

Motor function efferent

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10
Q

What are the two types of cells in nervous tissue?

A

Neurons and neuroglia

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11
Q

Neuron- has many dendrites and one axon, found in CNS

A

Multipolar

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12
Q

Neuron- One dendrite and one axon, retina and inner ear

A

Bipolar

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13
Q

Neuron- fused dendrite and axon, sensory and spinal nerves

A

Unipolar

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14
Q

What makes up half the volume of the CNS?

A

Neuroglia

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15
Q

Neuroglia- Blood brain barrier

A

Astrocytes

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16
Q

Neuroglia- Produce myelin

A

Oligodendrocytes

17
Q

Neuroglia- Protects CNS from disease

A

Microglia

18
Q

Neuroglia- Forms CSF

A

Ependymal

19
Q

Neuroglia- Produce myelin in PNS neurons

A

Schwann cells

20
Q

Neuroglia- Support neurons in PNS ganglia

A

Satellite cells

21
Q

What are examples of diseases that may occur if the Myelin sheath has deteriorated?

A

Tay- Sachs
Multiple sclerosis

22
Q

Define: Ganglion and Nucleus, what is different?

A

Ganglions are clusters of cell bodies in the PNS
Nucleus are clusters of cell bodies in the CNS

23
Q

Bundle of axons in the PNS, CNS?

A

Nerve
Tract

24
Q

White matter

A

myelinated axons

25
Q

Gray matter

A

Cell bodies
Dendrites
Unmyelinated axons
Axon terminals
neuroglia

26
Q

What needs to be present for PNS neurons to be repaired? CNS?

A

Schwann cells
Nothing

27
Q

What is another term for Action potential?

A

Nerve impulses

28
Q

What is the threshold needed for an action potential to occur? What is permeating into the cell to cause an AP? What Phase is this?

A

-55 mv
Na Sodium
Depolarization

29
Q

After an Action potential happens, what permeates into the cell? What phase is going on and what is the target resting value?

A

K potassium
repolarization
-70mv

30
Q

Conduction- Unmyelinated, slower form

A

Continuous

31
Q

Conduction- Myelinated, Nodes of RV

A

Saltatory

32
Q

Components of the Synapse (3)

A

Presynaptic neuron
Synaptic cleft
Postsynaptic neuron

33
Q

Acetylcholine, Amino acids, Modified Amino acids, Neuropeptides, and nitric oxide are all examples of what?

A

Neurotransmitters

34
Q

3 subdivisions of the PNS

A

Autonomic - fight or flight
Enteric - brain of the gut
Somatic- conveying info

35
Q
A

Neuro (5 decks)

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