9.1.6 - Experiments

Question 1

Define ‘independent variable’ and ‘dependent variable’.

Answer 1

IV - The variable you manipulate

DV - The variable you measure

Question 2

Define the term ‘laboratory experiment’.

Answer 2

An experiment that takes place in an artificial, controlled environment that is not natural for the participants

Question 3

What are the 3 strengths of laboratory experiments?

Answer 3

Controls like standardised instructions make them replicable

High internal validity since controls allow cause and effect to be established

Objectivity due to strict controls

Question 4

What are the 3 weaknesses of laboratory experiments?

Answer 4

No ecological validity - unnatural task in an unnatural setting

Low task validity - unnatural tasks make it difficult to apply results to the real world

Experimenter effects can come into play due to strict controls

Question 5

Define the term ‘field experiment’.

Answer 5

An experiment that is done in the participant’s natural setting

Question 6

What are the 2 strengths of field experiments?

Answer 6

High internal validity - most of the controls of lab experiments

High ecological validity - take place in a more natural environment

Question 7

What are the 3 weaknesses of field experiments?

Answer 7

Harder to replicate

Low internal validity:
- Harder to control variables
- Can be affected by experimenter effects