9.1.12 - Methodological issues

Question 1

Define ‘validity’.

Answer 1

The ‘reality’ of results and whether what is claimed to be measured has actually been measured

Question 2

Define ‘internal validity’.

Answer 2

The extent to which the outcome of the study is the direct result of the manipulated independent variable

Question 3

Define ‘predictive validity’.

Answer 3

The ability of a test or other measurement to predict a future outcome

Question 4

Define ‘ecological validity’.

Answer 4

The extent the environment of the study reflects real-life/an everyday environment

Question 5

Define ‘task validity’.

Answer 5

The extent the materials used in the study are contrived OR manufactured OR artificial

Question 6

Define ‘reliability’.

Answer 6

The consistency of the findings or results of a psychology research study

Question 7

Define ‘generalisability’.

Answer 7

The extent to which the findings of a study can be applicable to other settings

Question 8

Define ‘objectivity’ and ‘subjectivity’.

Answer 8

Objectivity - unaffected by bias

Subjectivity - based on or influenced by personal feelings, interpretations, or prejudice

Question 9

Define ‘credibility’.

Answer 9

The believability and reliability of information received from outside sources