901.00 Response Continuum Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Concept of the Response Continuum?

A

“Is a Concept used in incident handling that simultaneously recognizes the level of the subject resistance encountered and the level of control required for the situation.”

GO 901.01 (A)(1)

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2
Q

Does the Response Continuum tell an Officer how much control to use in a particular situation?

A

No;

“[The Response Continuum] Is an overview that does not direct a particular officer on how much control to use in a particular situation.”

GO 901.01 (A)(2)

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3
Q

What does the REsponse Continuum do regaring escalation and de-escalation of resisance and of control necessary in police incidents?

A

“[The Response Continuum] Gives direction in the escalation and de-escalation of resistance and the escalation and de-escalation of control necessary in police incidents.”

GO 901.01 (A)(3)

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4
Q

What does the Response Continuum do regarding the variables involved in situations where an officer must control a subject?

A

“[The Response Continuum] Explains that many variables are involved in situations where an officer must control a subject.”

GO 901.01 (A)(4)

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5
Q

What type of Continuum does the Dallas Police Department use as a training model?

A

“The Dallas Police Department uses the Linear Response-to-Resistance Continuum as its training model.”

GO 901.01 (A)(5)

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6
Q

Skillful use of the options identified in the Response Continuum does what to the need to respond with physical control techniques and what to the probabliity of bringing the incident to a succesful conclusion?

A

“Skillful use of the options identified in the Response Continuum decreases the necessity to respond with physical control techniques and increases the probability of bringing the incident to a succesful conclusion. The physical control techniques used may range from the use of hancuffs in an arrest, strikes with an impact weapon, or the use of a firearm.”

GO 901.01 (B)

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7
Q

All control techniques must be reasonably, what, as dictated by the Dallas Police Department?

A

“In all cases the Dallas Police Department dictates that only reasonably necessary control techniques are justified. Any use of control techniques above that would be unjustified and the goal of control violated.”

GO 901.01 (C)

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8
Q

When there is no apparent immediate need to take the suspect into immediate custody, what should an officer do?

A

“Where there is no apparent need to take a suspect into immediate physical custody, officers should utilize tactics designed to de-escalate the situation and facilitate a safer resolution whenever reasonably possible. The use of delaying tactics in order to obtain more favorable physical cover and additional officer presence is encouraged, as long as the safety of the officer, citizens, and subject is not compromised in doing so.”

GO 901.01 (D)

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9
Q

As soon as a subject is brought under control, what must an officer do and what first aid will the officer provide if needed?

A

“Officer will be in situations where the use of physical control techniques is necessay and justified. In all cases of physical control, the potential exists for injury to officers and subjects. Officers will ensure that as soon as subjects are brought under control, they are placed in an upright position (if possible) or on their side. Officers are responsible for rendering first aid to injured subjects. First aid will include:

  1. monitoring the subject.
  2. Colming the subject through reassurance.
  3. Checking pulse and skin color.
  4. Checking consciousness through the use of interviews.
  5. applying direct pressure, if necessary.”

GO 901.01 (E)

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10
Q

From what two perspectives will the use of physical control techniques be looked at?

A

“The use of physical control techniques must be examined from two perspectives: resistance (Susptect) and control (Officer). Both controll and resistance can be in the form of verbal directives or physical actions.”

GO 901.02 (A)

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11
Q

What is the the definition of Resistance?

A

“Resistance - a subjects non-compliance to the officer. The amount and type of resistance varies on a number of factors.”

GO 901.02 (A)(1)

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12
Q

Under physical Control Techniques what is the definition of Control?

A

“Control - The force an officer uses to influence or neutralize a non-compliant subject.”

GO 901.02 (A)(2)

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13
Q

When is an Officer Justified in using physical control techniques?

A

“Officers are justified in using physical control techniques in the following situations:

a. To protect the officer or another from injury or death.
b. to effect the lawful detention or arrest of a non-compliant subject.
c. to stop potentially dangerous and unlawful behavior.
d. to protect a subject from self-injury.”

GO 901.02 (A)(2)

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14
Q

What standard does DPD use to measure the justification of an officer’s use of physical control techniques?

A

“The Dallas Police Department uses broad standards to measure the justification of an officer’s use of physical control techniques.

  1. The control techniques used were initiated by the subject’s resistance.
  2. The leve of control used was necessary and resonable considering the subjects resistance.”

GO 901.02 (B)

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15
Q

What is the definition of “Show of control”?

A

“A Show of Control (displaying tectical advantage to persuade the suspect to comply with verbal commands).”

GO 901.02 (C)

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16
Q

What does a Show of Control do?

A

A Show of Control […] is implemented to influence a subject to make positive decisions. A Show of Control:

  1. reduces reaction time
  2. Serves as a visual warning of potential use and imparts to a subject that resistance is futile.
  3. Adds intermidiate steps to the DPD Response Continuum.
  4. Can be recalled or de-escalated to lower forms of control.

GO 901.02 (C)

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17
Q

what is the definiton of Use of Control?

A

Use of Control is an action that can result in tissue damage to a subject and when emplyed cannot be recalled, this is to include OC Spray.”

GO 901.02 (D)

18
Q

What are the Levels of a sujects Resistance?

A

A. Psychological Intimidation

B. Resistive Dialogue

C. Passive Resistance

D. Defensive Resistance

E. Active Aggression

F. Aggravated Aggression

GO 901.03

19
Q

What is the Definition of Psychological Intimidation?

A

“Psychological Intimidation: non verbal clues indicating the subjects attitude, appearance, and physical readiness.

GO 901.03 (A)

20
Q

What is the Definition of Resistive Dialogue?

A

“Resistive Dialogue: Verbal responses indicating unwillingness or threats”

GO 901.03 (B)

21
Q

What is the Definition of Passive Resistance?

A

“Passive Resistance: Physical actions that do not attempt to defeat the officer’s attempt to control. The subject will not voluntarily comply with verbal and physical attempts of control.”

GO 901.03 (C)

22
Q

What is the definiton of Defensive Resistance?

A

“Defensive Resistance: Physical actions to impede arrest by attempting to prevent officer’s control, but does not involve attempts to harm the officer. This means there has been physical contact between the officer and suspect. Simply running from officers who have not made any previous physical contact with the suspect does not constitute defensive resistance.”

GO 901.03 (D)

23
Q

What is the Definition of Active Aggression?

A

“Active Aggression: Physical actions of assault towards an officer. This includes a suspect who attempts to attack, grabs, punches, kicks, and or wrestles with the officer, or a suspect that displays an obvious intent to attack, grab, punch, kick, and/or wrestle with the officer.”

GO 901.03 (E)

24
Q

What is the Definition of Aggravated Aggression?

A

“Aggravated Aggression: Force which in the manner of its use or attempted use reasonably creates a substantial risk of death or serious premanent disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ.”

GO 901.03 (F)

25
Q

What are the levels of Control?

A

A. Officer Presence

B. Verbal Control

C. Empty Hand Control

D. Intermidiate Weapons

E. Deadly Force

GO 901.04

26
Q

What is Officer Presence?

A

“Officer Presence: Bearing, confidence, poise, and perceivable effectiveness assisting the officer in incident interaction.”

GO 901.04 (A)

27
Q

Officer Presence includes what two essential elements that are implemented to control the situation from the onset?

A
  1. Cognitive Skill
  2. Tactical Control

GO 901.04 (A)

28
Q

what is Cognitive Skill as part of Officer Presence?

A

“Cognitive Skill: Information, such as law and procedures, which gives the officer a foundation of preparation for incident interaction.”

GO 901.04 (A)(1)

29
Q

What is Tactical Control as part of Officer Presence?

A

“Tactical Control: Use of skills and techniques, such as tactical approach, to avoid confrontation and minimize risk; use cover support; tactical disengagement, and tactical withdrawal.”

GO 901.04 (A)(2)

30
Q

What is Verbal Control?

A

“Verbal Control: Communication skills used by an officer to enhance escalation prevention during incident interaction. (Commands of direction, control, or arrest.)”

GO 901.04 (B)

31
Q

What are the four Levels of empty hand control?

A
  1. Soft Empty Hand Control
  2. Oleoresin Capsicum (OC) Spray
  3. Electronic Control Weapon
  4. Hard Empty Hand Control

GO 901.04 (C)

32
Q

What are Soft Empty Hand Control Techniques?

A

“Soft Empty Hand Control (Techniques with a low probability of injury): Joint Locks, Pressure Points, Handcuffing.

GO 901.04 (C)(1)

33
Q

If Handcuffing is used as a control Technique and the subject is subsequently not taken into custody what must be done?

A

“Note: If handcuffing is used as a control technique and the subject is subsequently not taken into custody, a handwritten or MDT generated MIR must be completed.”

GO 901.04 (C)(1)

34
Q

Under Empty Hand Control what OC spray is used?

A

Oleoresin Capsicum Spray (Technique that can result in tissue damage, allergic reaction, or respiratory distress.)

a. Hand Held aerosols
b. PepperBall area Saturation

35
Q

What are Hard Empty Hand Control?

A

“Hard Empty Hand Control (Techniques with a probability of injury): Defensive counter strikes, iron Wrist Take-downs, and Brachial (use of personal weapons, i.e.:hands, feet etc…)

GO 901.04 (C)(4)

36
Q

When are Intermidiate Weapons Justified?

A

“Intermediate Weapons: Use of intermediate weapons is justified for situations when the officer believes empty hand control will be ineffective, inappropriate or when empty hand control has already failed.”

GO 901.04 (D)

37
Q

What are the catagories of intermediate weapons?

A

The use of intermediate Weapons is categorized as follows:

a. Soft Intermediate Weapon Control: Impact weapons, joint locks, come-a-longs and blocks
b. PepperBall system-direct contact.
c. Hard Intermediate Weapon Control: Impact weapon strikes, jabs and chops.

GO 901.04 (D)(1)

38
Q

What is the Reponse Continuum’s Definition of Deadly Force?

A

Deadly Force: The use of physical control that will cause death or serious bodily injury. Deadly Force will only be employed in accordance with the Department’d Deadly Force Policy.

GO 901.04 (E)

39
Q

How will the appropriate level of control used according to the Response Continuum be determined?

A

The Response Continuum emphasizes various levels of control exercised by an officer in response to the levels of resistance exhibited by a subject. The appropriate level of control response will be determined by the facts that are reasonably apparent to the officer at the time of an incident and at the moment that a level of control is initiated.

GO 901.05 (A)

40
Q

What Variables that impact the Responce Continuum must an Officer take into consideration?

A

Officer must take into consideration variables that impact Response Continuum use. These variables include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Officer(s)/Subjects(s) size, obvious infirmities or disabilities, and age.
  2. Enviromental conditions.
  3. Reaction time.
  4. Totality of circumstances.

GO 901.05 (B)

41
Q

In all situations an officers physical control cannot escalate beyond what?

A

In all situations, Officers will use only those physical control techniques reasonably necessary to control the situation. The Response Continuum provides a probablility and not a guarantee that the level of cubject resistance will not excalate.

GO 901.05 (C)