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PSYC 325 - FINAL > 9. Social Media and Relationships > Flashcards

9. Social Media and Relationships Flashcards

1
Q

Cues in social media (6)

A
  • Profile descriptions
  • Avatars
  • Usernames
  • Communities
  • Comments/likes
  • Photos
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2
Q

how does social media help shape sexual identity for sexual minority youth

A
  • Many queer youth → lack of access to role models, information, community
  • Marginalization within offline community
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3
Q

stages of coming out ? (6)

A
  1. Identity confusion
    • Awareness of difference: “my sexual identification is different than other people”
  2. Identity comparison
    • Feeling isolated from what is expected in heteronormative society
  3. Identity tolerance
    • Follows commitment to identity
    • Start to seek out members of your community
  4. Identity acceptance
    • Coming out is announced, looking for connections
  5. Identity pride
    • Identifying with broader community
    • Concern about pride
  6. Identity synthesis
    • Attempt to integrate sexual identity within overall identity
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4
Q

why do friendship matter (4)

A
  • Provide opportunities to learn about ourselves
    • Contribute to identity development
  • Provide information about the world
  • Provide a buffer and support in times of stress
    • When you are in the presence of a friend, you experience less negative experiences of stress!
  • High quality friendships are associated with well-being!
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5
Q

what do friendships look like during adolescnece (4)

A
  1. Increase in time spent with peers
    • First time in development where less time is spent with family and more is spent with friends
  2. Increase in reliance on peer relationships for self-worth
    3 Increase in social comparison
    4 Brain changes such that we respond more to social rewards, particularly in the presence of peers
    • Eg: rewards → winning a reward with friends present = high emotional response, VS. for kids and adults = brain is less activated
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6
Q

what is the third most common place to spend time w firneds

A

uhnline

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7
Q

What is the nature of online interactions vs. offline? (3)

A
  1. Hyper-personal model → more intimacy online
  2. Cues-filtered-out theories → without the same interpersonal cues as face-to-face interactions, negative impact on intimacy
  3. May depend on the platform!
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8
Q

REDUCTION HYPOTHESIS

A

Social displacement → time on social media argued to take time from face-to-face social interactions
- Support from older studies of online interactions

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9
Q

research about social displacement ?

A

Researchers gave families computers and internet → 2 years later asked about relationships and well-being

FINDINGS

  • Decreased communication with family/friends
  • Increased feelings on loneliness

BUT online interactions have changed

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10
Q

is this still supported ?

A

no lol i guess not

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11
Q

STIMULATION HYPOTHESIS

A

Social media argued to allow for more social interactions, a larger social network, and greater intimacy

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12
Q

what mediates stimulation ?

A

Asychronicity in response → more interactions

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13
Q

does research support stimulation?

A

yes only for SOME

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14
Q

research using experience sampling method (6 weeks, 3x per day) Pouwels et al., 2021

A

ask Adolescents:

  • How close to your close friends do you feel right now?
  • How much time did you use social media (Instagram, WhatsApp, and Snapchat) in the last hour?
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15
Q

FINDINGS

A

Between-person effects:

  • Those who used more social media overall → greater friendship closeness
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16
Q

what had strongest effects

A

INSTAGRAM

17
Q

Within-person effects ?????

A

When an individual used social media within an hour → very small negative association with friendship closeness

18
Q

sooooo ?

A

Large individual variation!

19
Q

what elsse can u examine

A

role of individual ..

20
Q

Rich-get-richer/social enhancement hypothesis:

A

individuals who have strong social skills, who are comfortable in social settings → benefits of online relationships

  • Extraverted individuals → interact more / more high quality interactions online
21
Q

Social compensation hypothesis

A

individuals who have challenges in social relationships in real life → benefits of online relationships

  • Social anxiety, social cues
    • Dont have to worry about immediate response → asynchronicity
  • Marginalized identities
22
Q

what facotrs can the impact of social media on friendships depend on ??

A
  • Individual differences: social skills, gender
  • Different platforms
  • Multitasking
    • Techno-ference
  • Type of social media use:
    • With close friends or not?
    • Active or passive use?
  • Age?
23
Q

what happens when u put a phone on a table ?

A
  • Phone present on table → negative relationship quality
  • Phone absent → positive relationship quality
24
Q

mechanisms of social media ?

A
  1. SELF-DISCLOSURE
    The sharing of intimate information, feelings, thoughts, emotions
  2. PRACTICE SOCIAL SKILLS
25
Q

what does self-disclosure allow?

A

more closeness

  • Shown to promote intimacy in offline relationships
    • Neurological effects → activate same areas as food and sex
  • Same appears to be true in online relationships
26
Q

what afforadances allow for more disclosure ?

A

Availability, asynchronicity, anonymity,

27
Q

can self-disclosure be maladaptive ?

A

YES
- Excessive reassurance-seeking
- Negative feedback seeking

28
Q

what social skills can u practice online?

A
  1. Cognitive empathy:
  2. Affective empathy:
29
Q

study in the forest

A

11-13 year olds

  • Gave test on nonverbal social cues → facial expressions
  • Nonverbal scenes → video on people acting things out and asked to identify what is going on

Kids went away to camp → half with phones, half without phones

  • Tested nonverbal skills after they returned
30
Q

FINDINGS ??

A

Those who went to camp without phones → better at identifying nonverbal social cues

PSYC 325 - FINAL (8 decks)

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