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Fa: Methods 2 > 9. Physics > Flashcards

9. Physics Flashcards

1
Q

1 L = ______ kg

A

1 kg

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2
Q

1 lb = ______ oz

A

1 lb = 16 oz

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3
Q

_____ oz = 1 Pint

A

16 oz = 1 pint

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4
Q

1 kg = ______ lbs

A

1 kg = 2.2 lbs

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5
Q

how do you convert pounds to kg

A

pounds/2 - 0.1 (pounds/2)

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6
Q

how many oz are in 500 mL

A

16.9 oz

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7
Q

how many pounds are in 500 mL

A

1.1 pounds

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8
Q

how many kg are in 500 mL

A

0.5 kg

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9
Q

1 L = _____ oz

A

1 L = 33.8 Oz

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10
Q

1 qt = ______ oz

A

1 qt = 32 oz

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11
Q

1 metric ton = _______ kg = _______lbs

A

1 ton = 1000 kg = 2200 pounds

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12
Q

1 inch = ______ cm

A

1 inch = 2.54 cm

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13
Q

12 inches = _____ cm

A

12 inch = 30 cm

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14
Q

1 yd = _____ inch = ______ m

A

1 yd = 36 inch = 0.91 m

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15
Q

1 m = ____ yd = ______ inch

A

1 m = 1.09 yd = 39.24 inch

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16
Q

BMI

A

BMI = kg/m2

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17
Q

premie infant blood volume

A

95 ml/kg

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18
Q

neonate blood volume

A

85 ml/kg

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19
Q

child blood volume

A

75 ml/kg

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20
Q

male blood volume

A

75 ml/kg

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21
Q

female blood volume

A

65 ml/kg

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22
Q

why do females have less blood volumes

A

lower testosterone = lower EPO
menstruation
less blood in fat

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23
Q

EBL =

A

EBL = (EBV * (Hcti - Hctf)) / Hct avg

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24
Q

EBV =

A

EBV = BV * weight

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25
Q

100% drug

A

1 g/mL
or
1000 mg/mL

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26
Q

1%

A

1:100

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27
Q

1:100,000

A

10 mcg/mL

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28
Q

1:200,000

A

5 mcg/mL

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29
Q

1:400,000

A

2.5 mcg/mL

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30
Q

neostigmine concentration

A

1 mg/mL
or
0.5 mg/mL

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31
Q

epi CI

A

nose
hose
fingers
toes

bier block
heart disease

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32
Q

lidocaine max dose

A

5 mg/kg

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33
Q

lidocaine w/epi max

A

7 mg/kg

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34
Q

bupivacaine max

A

2.5 mg/kg

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35
Q

bupivacaine w/epi max

A

3 mg/kg

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36
Q

ropivacaine max

A

3 mg/kg

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37
Q

which local does epi not help

A

ropivacaine

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38
Q

catheter colors

A

LARGE GAUGE
yellow
blue
pink
green
gray
orange
SMALL GAUGE

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39
Q

24 gauge

A

yello

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40
Q

22 gauge

A

blue

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41
Q

20 gauge

A

pink

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42
Q

18 gauge

A

green

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43
Q

16 guage

A

gray

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44
Q

14 gauge

A

orange

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45
Q

what does french measure

A

diameter

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46
Q

who invented french

A

joseph frederic benoit charrier

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47
Q

french measures what type of devices

A

multi-lumen catheters
- DLT
- central line
- picc line
- OG/NG
- bronch blockers
- Nasal airway
- bougie

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48
Q

Fr =

A

Fr = 3x outside diameter (mm)

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49
Q

Fr ~

A

Fr ~ 2piR or pi*D

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50
Q

gauge mesures

A

needles
catheters
cannula
sutures

outside diameter

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51
Q

what is a guage

A

the number of times wire stretched

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52
Q

laminar flow equation

A

poiseuille

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53
Q

Q (flow) =

A

Q = delta P * (pir^4) / (8n*L)

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54
Q

Q ~

A

Q ~ r^4

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55
Q

R ~

A

R ~ 1/r^4

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56
Q

1 ATM = _______ Torr (mmHg) = _____ cmH2O = ______ PSI

A

1 ATM = 760 mmHg = 1033 cmH2O = 14.7 PSI

57
Q

ideal gas law

A

PV = NRT

58
Q

1st gas law

A

boyles law

P1V1 = P2V2

59
Q

the 1st gas law assumes

A

temp is constant

60
Q

ecylinder normal PSI

A

1800-2200 PSI

61
Q

ecylinder full volume

A

660 L

62
Q

1000 PSI =

A

330 L

63
Q

when willl pressure drop in nitrogen e cylinder

A

25% remaining

64
Q

e cylinder nitrous volume

A

1600 L

65
Q

e cylinder nitrous PSI

A

745 psi

66
Q

2nd gas law

A

Charles law

T proportional to V

67
Q

charles’ law assumes that

A

pressure is constant

68
Q

3rd gas law

A

gay lussac’s

P proportional to T

69
Q

3rd gas law assumes that

A

volume is constant

70
Q

dalton’s law

A

volatile liquid in closed container the molecules equilibrate between liquid and gas

pressure from this equilibrium is Pvap

total pressyre of a gas is partaial pressure of all gasses added together

71
Q

latent heat of vaporization

A

amount of heat required to turn a liquid into vapor

72
Q

why do nitrous, propane and CO2 tanks get ice?

A

rapidly convert from liquid to gas
draws heat from tank

73
Q

why is the boiling point lower at altitude

A

less air pushing down
molecules escape into gas easier
lower BP

74
Q

des VP

A

664

75
Q

des BP

A

23.5

76
Q

sevo VP

A

160

77
Q

sevo BP

A

58.5

78
Q

iso VP

A

238

79
Q

iso BP

A

48.5

80
Q

halo VP

A

241

81
Q

halo BP

A

50.2

82
Q

water VP

A

17.5

83
Q

water BP

A

100

84
Q

sevo sat vap concentration

A

160/760 = 21%

85
Q

iso sat vap concentration

A

238/760 = 31%

86
Q

halo sat vap concentration

A

241/760 = 31%

87
Q

the read on volatile agent vaportizer dial is

A

%

88
Q

output of volatile agent vaporizer

A

partial pressure

89
Q

which vaporizer is not open to atmosphere

A

des

90
Q

which vaporizers are variable bypass

A

sevo
iso

91
Q

which law governs vaporizers

A

daltons

92
Q

des has a ______ BP

A

low BP

93
Q

des BP

A

23.5C

94
Q

des has a ______ vapor pressure

A

high vapor pressre

95
Q

des vapor pressure

A

660 mmHg at 20C

96
Q

what temp is des vaporizer heated to

A

39C

97
Q

what is des pressurized to when it is heated to 39 c

A

1300 mmhg

98
Q

does the amount of des released depend on ambient temp

A

no

99
Q

why is des heated

A

due to latent heat of vaporization

100
Q

what is the % on the vaporizer dial

A

the % des injected into FGF

101
Q

what must des vaporizer be calibrated for

A

altitude

102
Q

nitrous B:G

A

0.47

103
Q

halothane B:G

A

2.4

104
Q

iso B:G

A

1.4

105
Q

des B:G

A

0.42

106
Q

sevo B:G

A

0.65

107
Q

what does a lower B:G indicate

A

agent is less soluble in blood so it remains in the alveoli longer

Faster ONSET

108
Q

why does N2O have a higher FA/FI than Des?

A

due to concentration effect
you can give more nitrous than des

109
Q

FA

A

alveolar concentration

110
Q

FI

A

inspired concentration

111
Q

VA ONSET fast to slow

A

FAST
des
sevo
iso
halothane
SLOW

112
Q

2nd gas effect

A

when using nitrous with 2nd VA, the nitrous will help incr the [VA] in the alveoli

113
Q

poiseuille equation is for what type of flow

A

laminar flow only

114
Q

flow ~

A

Q ~ r^4

115
Q

resistance ~

A

R ~ 1/r^4

116
Q

laminar flow

A

smooth parallel movements

117
Q

turbulent flow

A

non-paralel movements

118
Q

most blood flow is

A

laminar

119
Q

what does the reynold’s number tell us

A

turbulent flow

120
Q

Re =

A

Re = (densityVelocitydiameter) / dynamic viscosity

121
Q

Re <= 2000

A

laminar flow

122
Q

Re 2000-4000

A

transitional w/ eddies/vortices

123
Q

Re > 4000

A

turbulent flow

124
Q

sickle cells can cause ______ flow

A

turbulent flow

125
Q

what to avoid in sickle cell anemia

A

dehydration
hypothermia
hypoxia
acidosis
tourniquets

126
Q

dehydration is scd

A

incr viscosity

127
Q

hypothermia in scd

A

cold = vasoconstriction = occlusion

128
Q

hypoxia in scd

A

microvascular partially occluded
ox compromised opt

129
Q

acidosis in scd

A

promotes sickling

130
Q

tourniquets in scd

A

acidosis
hypoxia
hypothermia

131
Q

examples of turbulent flow

A

murmur
stenosis
karotcoff sounds
carotid bruits
a fib
lungs - large airways

132
Q

small airways have ____ flow

A

laminar

133
Q

RAE

A

ring-adair-elwyn

134
Q

what is a oral rae tube

A

right angle ETT

135
Q

what is unique about oral rae

A

bend causes turbulent flow
shorter than regular ETT

136
Q

what size for oral rae

A

larger size

137
Q

C to F conversion

A

°F = °C × (9/5) + 32

138
Q

F to C conversion

A

C = 5/9(F-32)

Fa: Methods 2 (16 decks)

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