9. Physics Flashcards
1
Q
1 L = ______ kg
A
1 kg
2
Q
1 lb = ______ oz
A
1 lb = 16 oz
3
Q
_____ oz = 1 Pint
A
16 oz = 1 pint
4
Q
1 kg = ______ lbs
A
1 kg = 2.2 lbs
5
Q
how do you convert pounds to kg
A
pounds/2 - 0.1 (pounds/2)
6
Q
how many oz are in 500 mL
A
16.9 oz
7
Q
how many pounds are in 500 mL
A
1.1 pounds
8
Q
how many kg are in 500 mL
A
0.5 kg
9
Q
1 L = _____ oz
A
1 L = 33.8 Oz
10
Q
1 qt = ______ oz
A
1 qt = 32 oz
11
Q
1 metric ton = _______ kg = _______lbs
A
1 ton = 1000 kg = 2200 pounds
12
Q
1 inch = ______ cm
A
1 inch = 2.54 cm
13
Q
12 inches = _____ cm
A
12 inch = 30 cm
14
Q
1 yd = _____ inch = ______ m
A
1 yd = 36 inch = 0.91 m
15
Q
1 m = ____ yd = ______ inch
A
1 m = 1.09 yd = 39.24 inch
16
Q
BMI
A
BMI = kg/m2
17
Q
premie infant blood volume
A
95 ml/kg
18
Q
neonate blood volume
A
85 ml/kg
19
Q
child blood volume
A
75 ml/kg
20
Q
male blood volume
A
75 ml/kg
21
Q
female blood volume
A
65 ml/kg
22
Q
why do females have less blood volumes
A
lower testosterone = lower EPO
menstruation
less blood in fat
23
Q
EBL =
A
EBL = (EBV * (Hcti - Hctf)) / Hct avg
24
Q
EBV =
A
EBV = BV * weight
25
100% drug
1 g/mL
or
1000 mg/mL
26
1%
1:100
27
1:100,000
10 mcg/mL
28
1:200,000
5 mcg/mL
29
1:400,000
2.5 mcg/mL
30
neostigmine concentration
1 mg/mL
or
0.5 mg/mL
31
epi CI
nose
hose
fingers
toes
bier block
heart disease
32
lidocaine max dose
5 mg/kg
33
lidocaine w/epi max
7 mg/kg
34
bupivacaine max
2.5 mg/kg
35
bupivacaine w/epi max
3 mg/kg
36
ropivacaine max
3 mg/kg
37
which local does epi not help
ropivacaine
38
catheter colors
LARGE GAUGE
yellow
blue
pink
green
gray
orange
SMALL GAUGE
39
24 gauge
yello
40
22 gauge
blue
41
20 gauge
pink
42
18 gauge
green
43
16 guage
gray
44
14 gauge
orange
45
what does french measure
diameter
46
who invented french
joseph frederic benoit charrier
47
french measures what type of devices
multi-lumen catheters
- DLT
- central line
- picc line
- OG/NG
- bronch blockers
- Nasal airway
- bougie
48
Fr =
Fr = 3x outside diameter (mm)
49
Fr ~
Fr ~ 2piR or pi*D
50
gauge mesures
needles
catheters
cannula
sutures
outside diameter
51
what is a guage
the number of times wire stretched
52
laminar flow equation
poiseuille
53
Q (flow) =
Q = delta P * (pi*r^4) / (8*n*L)
54
Q ~
Q ~ r^4
55
R ~
R ~ 1/r^4
56
1 ATM = _______ Torr (mmHg) = _____ cmH2O = ______ PSI
1 ATM = 760 mmHg = 1033 cmH2O = 14.7 PSI
57
ideal gas law
PV = NRT
58
1st gas law
boyles law
P1V1 = P2V2
59
the 1st gas law assumes
temp is constant
60
ecylinder normal PSI
1800-2200 PSI
61
ecylinder full volume
660 L
62
1000 PSI =
330 L
63
when willl pressure drop in nitrogen e cylinder
25% remaining
64
e cylinder nitrous volume
1600 L
65
e cylinder nitrous PSI
745 psi
66
2nd gas law
Charles law
T proportional to V
67
charles' law assumes that
pressure is constant
68
3rd gas law
gay lussac's
P proportional to T
69
3rd gas law assumes that
volume is constant
70
dalton's law
volatile liquid in closed container the molecules equilibrate between liquid and gas
pressure from this equilibrium is Pvap
total pressyre of a gas is partaial pressure of all gasses added together
71
latent heat of vaporization
amount of heat required to turn a liquid into vapor
72
why do nitrous, propane and CO2 tanks get ice?
rapidly convert from liquid to gas
draws heat from tank
73
why is the boiling point lower at altitude
less air pushing down
molecules escape into gas easier
lower BP
74
des VP
664
75
des BP
23.5
76
sevo VP
160
77
sevo BP
58.5
78
iso VP
238
79
iso BP
48.5
80
halo VP
241
81
halo BP
50.2
82
water VP
17.5
83
water BP
100
84
sevo sat vap concentration
160/760 = 21%
85
iso sat vap concentration
238/760 = 31%
86
halo sat vap concentration
241/760 = 31%
87
the read on volatile agent vaportizer dial is
%
88
output of volatile agent vaporizer
partial pressure
89
which vaporizer is not open to atmosphere
des
90
which vaporizers are variable bypass
sevo
iso
91
which law governs vaporizers
daltons
92
des has a ______ BP
low BP
93
des BP
23.5C
94
des has a ______ vapor pressure
high vapor pressre
95
des vapor pressure
660 mmHg at 20C
96
what temp is des vaporizer heated to
39C
97
what is des pressurized to when it is heated to 39 c
1300 mmhg
98
does the amount of des released depend on ambient temp
no
99
why is des heated
due to latent heat of vaporization
100
what is the % on the vaporizer dial
the % des injected into FGF
101
what must des vaporizer be calibrated for
altitude
102
nitrous B:G
0.47
103
halothane B:G
2.4
104
iso B:G
1.4
105
des B:G
0.42
106
sevo B:G
0.65
107
what does a lower B:G indicate
agent is less soluble in blood so it remains in the alveoli longer
Faster ONSET
108
why does N2O have a higher FA/FI than Des?
due to concentration effect
you can give more nitrous than des
109
FA
alveolar concentration
110
FI
inspired concentration
111
VA ONSET fast to slow
FAST
des
sevo
iso
halothane
SLOW
112
2nd gas effect
when using nitrous with 2nd VA, the nitrous will help incr the [VA] in the alveoli
113
poiseuille equation is for what type of flow
laminar flow only
114
flow ~
Q ~ r^4
115
resistance ~
R ~ 1/r^4
116
laminar flow
smooth parallel movements
117
turbulent flow
non-paralel movements
118
most blood flow is
laminar
119
what does the reynold's number tell us
turbulent flow
120
Re =
Re = (density*Velocity*diameter) / dynamic viscosity
121
Re <= 2000
laminar flow
122
Re 2000-4000
transitional w/ eddies/vortices
123
Re > 4000
turbulent flow
124
sickle cells can cause ______ flow
turbulent flow
125
what to avoid in sickle cell anemia
dehydration
hypothermia
hypoxia
acidosis
tourniquets
126
dehydration is scd
incr viscosity
127
hypothermia in scd
cold = vasoconstriction = occlusion
128
hypoxia in scd
microvascular partially occluded
ox compromised opt
129
acidosis in scd
promotes sickling
130
tourniquets in scd
acidosis
hypoxia
hypothermia
131
examples of turbulent flow
murmur
stenosis
karotcoff sounds
carotid bruits
a fib
lungs - large airways
132
small airways have ____ flow
laminar
133
RAE
ring-adair-elwyn
134
what is a oral rae tube
right angle ETT
135
what is unique about oral rae
bend causes turbulent flow
shorter than regular ETT
136
what size for oral rae
larger size
137
C to F conversion
°F = °C × (9/5) + 32
138
F to C conversion
C = 5/9(F-32)
