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C - Parasitology > 9 Morphology and classification of Cyclophyllida > Flashcards

9 Morphology and classification of Cyclophyllida Flashcards

1
Q

Cyclophyllida
General Morphology

A
  • Scolex
  • Neck
  • Strobila
  • Proglottids
  • DV flattened
  • Tegument - absorbs nutrients
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2
Q

Cyclophyllida
Scolex

A

Part of the worm that anchors it to the intestinal epithelum
* Round, circularish
* Have 4 muscular suckers - acetabula
* Can have Rostellum that is with or without hooks, and can also be retractable

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3
Q

Cyclophyllida
Neck

A

Attaches head to rest of body
* Basis for budding of new proglottids

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4
Q

Cyclophyllida
Strobila

A

Linear series of Proglottids, making up the body of the worm
* Strobilation = Asexual process forming segments. Immature proglottids are formed, mature over time and eventually become gravid segments which either release eggs or detach entirely

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5
Q

Cyclophyllida
Proglottid

A
  • Are Hemaphroditic, egg producing units
  • They vary in shape and size
  • The amount of Proglottids can also vary but most worms are long
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6
Q

Cyclophyllida
Digestive system

A

Absent

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7
Q

Cyclophyllida
Nervous system

A
  • Main: Paired cerebral ganglion in Scolex
  • Motor and Sensory ability depend on the number of nerves in Scolex
  • Smaller nerves supply general body muscle and sensory
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8
Q

Cyclophyllida
Excretory system

A

Have Protonephridial excretion system
* Pair of dorsal and ventral excretory/osmoregulatory canals - transverse entire strobila from scolex to last proglottid

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9
Q

Cyclophyllida
Reproductive system

A

Hermaphrodites
* Each proglottid contains completer set of male and female reproductive organs that produce sex cells
* Fertilization is internal
* Most species cross fertilization between two adjacent worms is necessary, with few that may self-fertilze (between two proglottids of same worm or within same proglottid)

Male system:
* Numerous testes
* Vas efferent from each joining into a common duct - Vas defference - Sperm duct
* Sperm duct opens into Cirrus sac as an ejaculatory duct
* Cirrus may be spined

Female system:
* Uterus ends blindly
* Eggs stay in gravid proglottids and are dropped off and exit via feces
* Genital pore opens laterally

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10
Q

Cyclophyllida
Egg

A
  • Vary in size
  • Vary in shape
  • 3x thick shells = Superficial layer (homogenous, thin, water permeable), Middle lipid layer (not water permeable), Internal layer (covers embryo)
  • Embryonated (hexacanth larvae- 6 hooklets/Oncosphere), non operculate, non-ciliated
  • Vary in colour
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11
Q

Cyclophyllida
Larval stages

A

Larval stages or Metacestodes, are dangerous pathogens - most are some form of liqid filled bladder

  1. Cysticercoid - single non-invaginated scolex
  2. Cysticercus - single invaginated scolex
  3. Coenurus - several invaginated scolex
  4. Tetrathyridium - elongated, solid-bodied with deeply invaginated scolex
  5. Strobilocercus - singel non-invaginated scolex, attached to the bladder by long strobila
  6. Hyaditid cyst/Echinococcus - several invaginated scolices with suckers and hooks
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12
Q

Classification

Cyclophyllida
Family (7)

A
  1. Anoplocephalidae
  2. Davaineidae
  3. Mesocestoididae
  4. Hymenolepididae
  5. Dilepididae
  6. Diphylidiidae
  7. Taeniidae
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13
Q

Classification

Anoplocephalidae
Subfamily + Genuses

A

Subfamily: Anoplocephalinae
Genus: Anoplocephala, Paranoplocephala, Moniezia, Mozgovoyia, Citotaenia, Bertella…

Subfamily: Thysanosomatinae
Genus: Avitellina, Stilesia, Thysaniezia, Thysanosoma…

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14
Q

Classification

Davaineidae
Genus (2)

A
  • Davainea
  • Railletina
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15
Q

Classification

Mesocestoididae
Genus (1)

A
  • Mesocestoides
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16
Q

Classification

Hymenolepididae
Genus (12)

A
  • Hymenolepis
  • Drepanidotaenia
  • Fimbriaria, Dicranotaenia, Diorchis, Echinocotyle, Echinolepis, Gastrotaenia, Microsomacanthus, Rodentolepis, Sobolevicanthus, Vampirolepis
17
Q

Classification

Dilepididae
Genus (2)

A
  • Amoebotaenia
  • Choanotaenia
18
Q

Classification

Dipylidiidae
Genus (3)

A
  • Dipylidium
  • Diplopylidium
  • Joyeuxiella
19
Q

Classification

Taeniidae
Genus (2)

A
  • Taenia
  • Echinococcus

C - Parasitology (23 decks)

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