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Physics > 9-Momentum > Flashcards

9-Momentum Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the conservation of momentum law state?

A

That, in any interaction, momentum is conserved.

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2
Q

What does the total momentum before equal?

A

The total momentum after

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3
Q

What does the total y momentum before equal?

A

The total y momentum after

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4
Q

What does the total x momentum before equal?

A

The total x momentum after

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5
Q

Why does a cannon recoil?

A

Because there is no momentum before firing, but the cannon ball has momentum, which means that the cannon recoils with equal and opposite momentum

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6
Q

What is the unit of momentum?

A

p

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7
Q

What is momentum measured in?

A

kgms-1

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8
Q

What is the equation of momentum?

A

Mass x Velocity

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9
Q

Is momentum a vector or a scalar value?

A

It is a vector

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10
Q

What is the mass of an object?

A

The amount of matter in an object

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11
Q

What is the weight of a mass?

A

The pull of gravity acting on the mass

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12
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

Inertia

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13
Q

What does inertia state?

A

That the momentum of a body will not change unless a force acts on it

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14
Q

What does Newton’s second law state?

A

A stronger force will make the momentum change quicker than a weaker force

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15
Q

What equation can you derive from Newton’s second law?

A

Force = Change in momentum / Time

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16
Q

How do you derive ‘F=ma’?

A

F = Change in momentum / time = mv/t = m x v/t = ma

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17
Q

What does force x time equal?

A

The change in momentum

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18
Q

What does Ft get called?

A

The impulse

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19
Q

What are crumple zones in cars designed to do?

A

Increase the time taken in a collision

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20
Q

What is the definition of an impulse?

A

A force acting briefly on an object causing a change in momentum.

21
Q

What is the equation of acceleration?

A

Change in velocity / Change in time

22
Q

What is the area under a force time graph?

A

The total impulse

23
Q

What is Newton’s third law?

A

Momentum is always conserved, so the momentum lost by B is gained by A

24
Q

If A pulls B in one direction, what does B do?

A

Pulls A with an identical force in the opposite direction

25
Q

What does g equal>

A

9.8ms-2

26
Q

What is the equation of weight?

A

Mass x g

27
Q

What is the weight mg caused by?

A

The gravitational pull of the earth

28
Q

If the book is stationary on a table, what does the downwards pull of the earth on the book equal?

A

The upwards push from the shelf

29
Q

What happens when you multiply the force by the displacement?

A

You get the work done by the object

30
Q

What is work done measured in?

A

Joules

31
Q

What does work done equal?

A

Force x distance

32
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity to do work

33
Q

If a car decelerates to a halt, what do the brakes do?

A

They exert a force on the car and do work on the brake linings, heating them.

34
Q

What is the energy of any moving object called?

A

The kinetic energy

35
Q

Why is the kinetic energy less in reality?

A

There are numerous other forces present, all doing work

36
Q

What is the equation of kinetic energy?

A

1/2 mv^2

37
Q

In the absense of any other forces than gravity, what does F=ma equal?

A

F=mg

38
Q

What is the symbol equation of work done (Force x displacement)?

A

mgh

39
Q

What is the equation of gravitational potential energy?

A

Mass x g x height

40
Q

What is gravitational potential energy?

A

The work done in lifting that can be transferred from this store if it is allowed to fall

41
Q

What does the kinetic energy gained equal?

A

The change in gravitational potential energy

42
Q

What does the final kinetic energy equal?

A

The initial kinetic energy + change in gravitational potential energy

43
Q

What is an object projected outwards called?

A

A projectile

44
Q

As the weight (mg) of a body can be resolved into perpendicular components at an angle theta, what equation can you derive?

A

mg cos(theta)

45
Q

As weight is a vertical force, what can’t it change?

A

The horizontal velocity component of a moving object

46
Q

What affects the weight component of a projectile?

A

Air resistance

47
Q

What is the vertical component accelerated downwards by?

A

Gravity

48
Q

What happens to the horizontal component of a projectile in motion?

A

It remains constant, as it is not affected by air resistance

Physics (22 decks)

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