9 Exam Flashcards
Where would you find a grounding rod?
Some portable generators are equipped with a grounding rod that must be inserted into the ground (Ch.19 Pg.733)
How much does water weigh?
8.35 pounds per gallon
Understand when you should shut down a sprinkler system
During overhaul to prevent significant water damage
What voltage should lighting equipment work off?
110-volt AC (Ch.19 pg.733)
What is a reagent?
A substance that is designed to react when it encounters another specific substance. (Ch. 19 pg. 753)
Where would you find an OS&Y valve?
typically found in mechanical room or basement (735)
Understand the salvage operation
Conducted to save property and reduce damages, tries to limit secondary losses from smoke and water (the slides)
Understand what direct inspection is
Ensuring that no hidden fire exists by opening a ceiling or wall and directly inspecting it
Understand the overhaul process
Overhaul ensures that a fire is completely extinguished by finding, exposing, and suppressing any smoldering or hidden pockets of fire in an area that has been burned (Ch.19 pg.730)
When should you apply duct tape to a salvage cover?
If any holes or tears are found during inspection. (754)
When can firefighters wear partial PPE?
Conducting salvage operations in remote areas with approval from safety officer(735)
What is a GFI?
Ground fault indicators, senses when there is a problem with an electrical ground and interrupts the current. (733)
What are we concerned about when using gasoline powered portable pumps?
The vapors emit Carbon Monoxide (744)
How should a crowbar be used in overhaul operations?
Crowbars and Halligan type tools: for removing baseboards and window or door casings (759)
Understand what secondary loss is
Property damage that occurs due to smoke, water, or other measures taken to extinguish the fire. (Glossary)
Understand the signs of structural collapse
Cracked or leaning walls
Pitched or sagging doors or doors stuck in shifted frames
Moaning/groaning or cracking sounds
Any type of movement or vibrations
Movement or shifting of water on the floor
Smoke pushing through cracks in the wall
Lack of water runoff from firefighting operations (ch.19 pg.757 )
What type of hose line should be used during overhaul?
1 1/2 or 1 ¾ inch hose (Ch. 19, Pg. 760)
What is the primary consideration while conducting salvage and overhaul?
Salvage and overhaul operations’ goal is limiting and reducing property loss from fire. Firefighters must attempt to preserve evidence related to the cause of the fire. (pg. 731)
Define salvage
A firefighting procedure for protecting property from further loss following an aircraft accident or fire. NFPA 402 (Glossary)
What does your PPE ensemble weigh?
40lbs or more(770)
When should rehab be required?
When workers who are exhausted, dehydrated, ill, injured, or emotionally upset can take a break for rest. ( pg. 768)
When should self rehab be required?
A minimum of 10 minutes, following the depletion of one 30-minute SCBA cylinder or 20 minutes of intense work without SCBA. (Ch. 20 pg. 773)
Understand what rest time means
Time it takes to recover and recharge to continue working(773)
What type of drinks should be avoided as fluid replacement?
Drinks such as colas, coffee and tea. Pg 780 section
Which type of nourishment is ideal for firefighters in peak performance levels?
Meals should include complex carbs(whole grain bread, pasta, rice, veggies) Also better to eat a series of smaller meals overtime. (780
While wearing your PPE what are you susceptible to?
Heat stroke/exhaustion (82)
What happens to the body when exposed to high humidity?
Reduces evaporative cooling making it more difficult for the body to regulate its internal temp causing heat stress (777)
How does PPE prevent evaporative cooling?
The vapor barrier causes limited evaporation and holds in hot liquids and steam in that barrier. (pg.769)
How should firefighters be released from rehab?
After the firefighter has been rested, rehydrated, and vitals have been rechecked they must wait for reassignment.(Pg. 777)
What is hypothermia?
A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95 F(35C), can lead to loss of coordination, muscle stiffness, coma, and death.( Glossary)
Just like diesel helps engines, _____ helps the human body.
Glucose(also known as blood sugar)
Understand what impaired temperature regulation is.
The loss of body fluids results in impaired temperature regulation.(pg.777, IV rehydration/calorie replacement.
If a rehab center is located the furthest from an operational area, what kind of incident is it?
Hazardous Materials (Ch. 20 lecture page 12)
What is frostbite?
Damage to tissues due to prolonged exposure to cold.(Pg. 773)
How should nutrition be emphasized during long incidents?
It should be balanced, hydration, and healthy
How long does rehydration take after losing 2 quarts of water?
after a 1qt is loss it takes 1 to 2 hours to recover
What is temperature regulation?
Is your body’s way of maintaining your temperature. The loss of too much body fluid can impair it. (pg 779)
What degrees in fahrenheit should rehab take place?
68-72 degrees Fahrenheit with low humidity and lots of shade (CH. 20 PP slide 30)
What are the watchout situations?
The list addresses areas of specific concern in the wildland environment.(802)
How large should a safety zone be?
The size of the zone will be based on the behavior of the fire and the firefighter’s relative to the fire (Ch.21, pg. 800)
At a minimum, the distance between firefighters and flames should be ____ times the flame height
4
When should we use an indirect attack in wildland fighting?
Used for large wildland and ground cover fires that are too dangerous to approach through a direct attack because there is not enough equipment or personnel available. (Ch. 21, Pg. 797)
What is a fine fuel?
Fuels that ignite and burn easily (ex. Dried twigs, leaves, and grass) (pg. 1330 glossary)
What is a heel?
The area of the wildfire closest to the origin of the fire (792)
What is the most rapid moving part of a wildland fire?
Head of the fire (Ch. 21 Pg. 792)
Understand what vegetative fuel is.
The primary fuel for wildland and ground cover fires (grassland, brush and trees) (Ch. 21, Pg. 791)
The quantity of wildland fuel available in a specific area is called ____.
Fuel volume (Ch. 21 pg. 788)
What is the unburned part of the wildland fire called?
Green
Understand the acronym LCES
Lookouts, communications, escape routes, safety zones
Understand the characteristics of fine fuels.
Have a large surface area relative to their volume, ignite easily, burn quickly, and produce high heat. (789)
Understand what a canopy is related to.
Related to aerial fuels, located more than 6ft above the ground. (Ch. 21 pg. 792)
What are surface fuels?
Located close to the surface of the ground. Examples grass, leaves, twigs, fallen trees, and slash. ( pg. 788)
What is lightning without rain?
Lightning without rain is called dry lightning (791)
Understand the 2 primary methods of direct attack on a wildland fire.
The “Anchor, Flank, and Pinch” and the “Flanking” attacks
What is a pocket in relation to a wildland fire?
Unburned fuel surrounded by wildfire (the slides)
Understand when an incident management structure has to expand.
As more companies are assigned, command structure must also expand to maintain an effective span of control.
Who are the general staff?
operations, planning, logistics, and finance/administration section chiefs.
Understand initial command and who assumes it.
The first arriving company officer establishes command, develops IAP, requests resources, and oversees all operations. (pg. 820)
When did the standardized incident command system get established?
Early 1970s
What is the first arriving unit?
Command is established when the first unit arrives on the scene and is maintained until the last unit leaves the scene
Who reports directly to the incident commander?
Command Staff.
Understand what crew resource management is
(CRM) improves emergency scene communication, awareness, decision making, and teamwork by encouraging input from all crew members
Understand what a branch is
A higher level of combined resources than divisions and groups
Who developed the national incident management system?
US Dept. of Homeland Security (819)
How often should the first arriving officer assume command?
Always until an officer of higher rank takes command(833)
When should that command be transferred?
Some departments require the transfer of command when a higher-ranking officer arrives at an incident; others give the higher-ranking officer the option of assuming command or leaving the existing personnel in the command assignment.
Understand what IAP stands for.
Incident Action Plan
Understand what RECEO-VS means
R-Rescue
E-Exposure protection
C-Confinement
E-Extenighment
O-Overhaul
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V-Ventilation
S-Salvage
Understand what an outside stem and yoke is
The main control valve for a sprinkler system typically found in mechanical room or basement
