Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Step 3 > 9 > Flashcards

9 Flashcards

1
Q

shoulder dystocia

management

A

inability to deliver anterior shoulder, retraction of fetal head into perineum after it delivers

McRoberts maneuver: thighs against abdomen
suprapubic pressure
zavanelli: push head back in for c/s if all else fails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ALS treatment

A

riluzole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Preggo warts

A

vaginal delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Reduction in mortality for quitters vs current smokers

A

within 5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

microcytic, hypochromic anemia, normal RDW, increased ferritin

A

thalassemia

electrophoresis in both parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

recurrent anemia post EPO in ESRD

A

give iV iron if ferritin <500 and transferrin sat <20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cortical cataracts associated with

A

macular degeneration

proliferative retinopathy in diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MVP

A

nonejection click, MR
varies in timing depending on body position (venous return)
increases with decreased venous return like HCOM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

treat subclinical hyperthyroidism when

A

TSH persistently < 0.1, >65yo, comorbidities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

serious bacterial infection in neonates (<28 days)

treatment

A

e. coli, GBS
ampicillin + gentamicin/cefotaxime
*no ceftriaxone or sulfas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

allergic bronchopulm aspergillosis

treatment

A

fleeting infiltrates, recurrent asthma exacerbations, central bronchiectasis
peripheral eosinophilia
steroids, itraconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

TURP (for refractory BPH) complication

A

retrograde ejaculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dumping syndrome

treatment

A

complication of gastrectomy, abd pain, diarrhea, N/V, dizziness, sweating, dyspnea
high protein, low carb diet, smaller, more frequent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

autoimmune hepatitis
diagnosis
primary biliary cirrhosis
GGT

A

elevated AST/ALT
ANA, anti-smooth muscle
elevated alk phos, antimitochondrial antibodies
cholestasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

C. diff when to give vanc

3rd recurrence

A

fever/WBC>15k/cr >1.5x baseline

vanc ff by oral rifaximin/ fidaxomicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

post TPA BP

A

keep below 185/105

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

factor V leiden

atrial myxoma

A

VENOUS thrombosis

mitral stenosis, heart failure, a fib, tumor plop, emboli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

proteinuria in children

A

rule out orthostatic proteinuria with split urine collection
elevated in daytime only
benign, nothing further

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

auricular hematoma

bruising over mastoid

A

prompt evacuation to prevent cauliflower ear, prophylactic abx

basilar skull fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fasting glucose DM
Impaired glucose
impaired glucose increases risk for

A

> 126
100-126
CAD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

itching and urticarial followed by tense bullae
diagnosis
treatment
pemphigus vulgaris

A

bullous pemphigoid
skin biopsy, serum assay
steroids
flaccid bullae, sloughing, oral lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

> 6 months with undescended testicle

A

orchiopexy

risk of cancer remains higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Acne lifestyle interventions

A

avoid vigorous scrubbing, use water-based skin products, ph-neutral detergent cleansers
do not pick lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

No live vaccines in preggo

A

MMR, varicella, rotavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

meconium ileus

down syndrome gut

A

cystic fibrosis
bilous emesis, abdominal distension
dilated loops of small bowel, absent air-fluid levels, right sided ground glass mass

duodenal atresia, hirschsprung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

GDM postpartum

A

stop insulin

screen at 6 weeks postpartum with 2 hour glucose tolerance test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

invasive aspergillosis
imaging

treatment

A

hemoptysis, cough, pleuritic chest pain
nodular disease with surrounding ground glass opacities, cavitations with air fluid levels
legionella-GI symptoms
IV voriconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

cryptorchidism diagnosis

A

clinical, no imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

DKA ICU

A

signs of cerebral edema, severe acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

kava kava adverse effects
gingko biloba
ginseng

A

liver failure
bleeding
headache, insomnia, GI, vaginal bleeding, insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

opioid withdrawal treatment

A

methadone/ clonidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

hypertonia, hyperreflexia and delayed motor milestones in preterm infant, sustained clonus, scissoring

A

cerebral palsy, get MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Acute gout in renal insufficiency

A

NSAIDs and colchicine CI

oral steroids if polyarticular, CSI if mono articular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

raloxifene and selective estrogen receptor modulators preop

A

discontinue 4 weeks before surgery (VTE)
hold diuretics and metformin morning of surgery
hold ACEI if not being taken for heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Ecologic fallacy

A

applying population level findings to individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

h/o of spontaneous abortions (>3 consecutive), uterine filling defect

A

uterine septum

resect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

ACL injury

meniscus

A

popping ff by rapid hemarthrosis and instability

locking/ catching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

congenital hypothyroidism

A

start synthroid ASAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

primary ovarian insufficiency treatment

A

estrogen (+ progesterone if intact uterus) up to age 50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

croup treatment

A

mild: humidified air and IM steroids
severe: steroids + nebulized epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Preggo UTI treatment

preggo pyelo

A

nitrofurantoin, cephalexin, augmentin
admit, ceftriaxone
afebrile for 48 hours->discharge on abx->daily suppressive therapy till 6 weeks postpartum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

loud S1+ mid diastolic rumble at apex

A

mitral stenosis

most commonly due to rheumatic heart disease

43
Q

Tinea capitis can cause hair loss.

treatment

A

oral griseofulvin/ terbinafine

44
Q

Asthma

A

house dust mites

45
Q

prostate cancer screening if you have to

A

55-69 yo

46
Q

confounding vs effect modification

A

variable associated with both exposure and outcome, no change in direction or strength of effect vs third variable changes direction or strength of effect

47
Q

skin tags associated with

A

obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, diabetes

48
Q

persistent rhinosinusitis

complicated sinusitis

A

5-7 days of PO augmentin

beyond sinuses->imaging

49
Q

Elevated AFP in pregnancy next step

A

anatomic u/s

50
Q

refractory osteoporosis

A

screen for multiple myeloma, search for secondary causes

otherwise iv bisphosphonate or teriparatide

51
Q

priaprism treatment

nonischemic priaprism

A

aspiration of corpora cavernosa->injection of phenylephrine

angiographic embolization

52
Q

steroid taper

A

not necessary if administration <3 weeks

53
Q

iron deficiency anemia in infants

Mentzer index

A

iron deficient milk

MCV/RBC, >13: iron def, otherwise: thalassemia

54
Q

postischemic compartment syndrome

A

post thrombectomy

55
Q

infectious cause of stroke in young adults

HSV encephalitis

A

syphilis

hemorrhagic infarction of temporal lobe, RBCs in CSF

56
Q

PEA/ asystole

A

CPR, epi every 3-5mins

identify underlying cause

57
Q

latent TB resistant to isoniazid

A

rifampin for 4 months

58
Q

Acoustic neuromas are

A

schwannomas.

59
Q

Tinea capitis can cause hair loss.

treatment

A

oral griseofulvin/ terbinafine

60
Q

area under curve (AUC)=

A

diagnostic accuracy, the larger, the better

61
Q

Anemia of chronic disease in rheumatoid arthritis

A

TNF-alpha inhibitor

if on methotrexate->folinic acid

62
Q

Glasgow score <=8

A

intubate

63
Q

Elevated AFP in pregnancy next step

A

repeat test->anatomic u/s

if u/s normal->amniocentesis

64
Q

TCA overdose

A

sodium bicarb->mag/ lidocaine

65
Q

hematuria evaluation

A

u/a and culture->imaging->cystoscopy

66
Q

well-diff adenocarcinoma without involvement of stalk or resection margins

A

removal alone, surveillance

67
Q

bilateral nipple discharge

A

even though likely benign, evaluate

68
Q

lead toxicity consequences

A

cognitive impairment and behavioral issues

69
Q

brief shooting back pain provoked by bending forward and straining

A

nerve root irritation
positive straight leg raise test
night pain-alarm symptom

70
Q

pellagra (niacin deficiency)

A

dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis, stomatitis, cheilosis

71
Q

Angiodysplasias associated with

A

ESRD, von Willebrand disease, aortic stenosis

72
Q

superior vena cava syndrome diagnosis

A

CT neck and chest with contrast

73
Q

Glucagonoma rash (pancreatic tumor)

A

necrolytic migratory erythema: erythematous, painful, itchy rash clearing from center
mild diabetes

74
Q

evidence of gallstones with pancreatitis (no other causes, even if not in CBD)

A

remove in same hospitalization

if severe disease with organ dysfunction->wait and ERCP

75
Q

urinary incontinence diagnosis

A

history, exam, u/a

76
Q

diphtheria

complications

treatment

A

URI, sore throat, pharyngitis with grey exudates that coalesce into pseudomembrane

myocarditis (complete heart block, heart failure), nervous system, kidneys
penicillin G, erythromycin

77
Q

melasma

treatment

A

irregularly shaped hyperpigmented macules on the face, associated with pregnancy

avoid sun exposure

78
Q

intracranial hemorrhage on warfarin

dabigatran reversal

A

urgent reversal with prothrombin concentrate and vit k

idarucizimab

79
Q

Adenomatous polyps on sigmoidoscopy

A

colonoscopy now

80
Q

CAP in kids

A

strep pneumo, amoxicillin

81
Q

steroid taper

A

not necessary if administration <3 weeks

82
Q

progressive hip pain and altered gait in obese adolescent
diagnosis

treatment

A

slipped capital femoral epiphysis
x ray-posterior and inferior displacement (falling ice cream)
immediate surgical pinning

83
Q

prolactinoma treatment

A

first line: dopamine agonists (bromocriptine, cabergoline)

84
Q

Post otitis media treatment serous fluid

A

may persist for 3 months
watchful waiting
if unresolving->miringotomy with insertion of tympanostomy tubes

85
Q

Centor criteria

A

tonsillar exudate, anterior cervical LAD, no cough, fever

test if >=3

86
Q

orbital fat tissue in wound

A

septum injury, levator palpebrae injury

87
Q

asymptomatic first degree AV block or LVH in athletes

A

reassure

88
Q

B12 deficiency can cause delirium/ dementia in elderly.

A

look for pancytopenia, elevated indirect bilirubin

89
Q

DEXA screening beginning at age

A

65

90
Q

NSTEMI treatment

A

aspirin, BB, statin, heparin drip, nitro prn

no BB if signs of heart failure

91
Q

Metformin cath

A

discontinue till 2 days after

92
Q

intractable BPPV

other cause of vertigo

A

plugging of posterior canal

image

93
Q

EBV smear

A

atypical lymphocytes

94
Q

polymyalgia rheumatica without arteritis

A

low dose prednisone

95
Q

Normal hep b series

A

0,2,6 months

serology should be obtained at 9 months (3 months after last dose) if hep B mother

96
Q

functional constipation in children

A

diet modifications->osmotic laxative

97
Q

Sensitivity analysis is

A

Repeating analysis after modifications

98
Q

Actinic keratosis cancer

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

99
Q

Brain death apnea

A

8-10 minutes

100
Q

Lewy body dementia on antipsychotics adverse events

A

Autonomic dysfunction, worsening of disease

101
Q

Closed cervix

A

Not in labor

102
Q

Fitz Hugh Curtis

A

PID, RUQ pain, fever, elevated transaminase

103
Q

Thalassemia anemia

A

Microcytic

Step 3 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions