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D2 Fall - Pt Care III > 9/17: Etiology of Periodontal Disease > Flashcards

9/17: Etiology of Periodontal Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is inflammation of gingival tissues, plaque is primary etiologic factor?

A

Gingivitis

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2
Q

Does gingivitis have attachment loss?

A

No

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3
Q

What is dental plaque-induced gingival disease?

A

most common, cessation of oral hygiene leads to gingivitis in 2-3 weeks

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4
Q

What are 3 things gingival diseases can be modified by?

A
  1. Systemic factors
  2. Medications
  3. Malnutrition
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5
Q

What can cause gingival disease systemically?

A

Endocrine

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6
Q

How can pregnancy cause gingivitis?

A

Due to hormonal imbalances
- occurs in 30%
- resolves after delivery

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7
Q

What bacteria is associated with gingivitis and pregnancy?

A

Increase in aerobic and anaerobic P. intermedia

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8
Q

How can you get gingival disease due to medications?

A

Gingival overgrowth due to anticonvulsant drugs

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9
Q

How can malnutrition cause gingivitis?

A

Deficiency in vitamin C

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10
Q

Describe non-plaquque-induced gingival disease

A

Autoimmune, idiopathic, fungi, bacteria, genetic

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11
Q

What is localized gingivitis?

A

less than 30% of remaining teeth involved

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12
Q

What is generalized gingivitis?

A

more than 30% of remaining teeth involved

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13
Q

What does marginal gingivitis involve?

A

Gingival margin

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14
Q

What does papillary gingivitis involve?

A

Interdental papillae

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15
Q

What does diffuse gingivitis effect?

A

gingival margin, attached gingiva, interdental papillae

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16
Q

What is hyperplasia?

A

increase in number of cells resulting in increased volume

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17
Q

What is hypertrophy?

A

increase in tissue size resulting from increase cell size

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18
Q

What is fibrosis?

A

process in which wound healing is associated with defective cell proliferation

19
Q
A

Localized marginal gingivitis

20
Q
A

Localized papillary gingivitis

21
Q

What are 2 earliest signs of gingival inflammation that precede gingivitis?

A

i. Bleeding on probing increase
ii. GCF increase

22
Q

What are medications that INCREASE gingival bleeding?

A

i. Antiplatelets: aspirin
ii. Anti-coagulants: warfarin & eliquis
iii. Oral contraceptives

23
Q

Where is gingivitis noted on a patient who mouth breathes?

A

Maxillary buccal area

24
Q

How does gingivitis turn into periodontitis?

A

a. Plaque surrounds gingival tissues
b. Inflammatory change of gingival sulcus
c. Cellular and fluid inflammation exudes causing degeneration of gingival fibers
d. Apical to JE, collagen fibers are destroyed and get Clinical attachment loss

25
Q

Describe an initial lesion of gingivitis

A

healthy tissue, develops 2-4 days after plaque

26
Q

Describe an early lesion of gingivitis

A

early gingivitis, develops 1-2 weeks after plaque

27
Q

Describe an established lesion of gingivitis

A

Chronic gingivitis

28
Q

Describe an advanced lesion of gingivitis

A

Periodontitis

29
Q
A

Periodontal health/gingivitis

30
Q
A

Early periodontitis

31
Q
A

Moderate periodontitis

32
Q
A

Advanced periodontitis

33
Q

Describe a suprabony periodontal pocket

A

bottom of pocket is coronal to the crest of the alveolar bone

34
Q

Describe an infrabony periodontal pocket

A

bottom of the pocket is apical to the crest of the alveolar bone

35
Q

Describe a pseudo-poclet

A

Always suprabony

36
Q
A

Pseudopocket

37
Q
A

Suprabony pocket

38
Q
A

Infrabony pocket

39
Q

What does a complete periodontal assessment require?

A

i. Diagnosis of clinical assessment
ii. Probing depths
iii. plaque/bleeding index
iv. Radiographs
v. recession/CAL

40
Q

What is the primary etiology gingival and periodontal disease?

A

i. Plaque in a susceptible host

41
Q

What is the secondary etiology gingival and periodontal disease?

A

i. local/environmental factors

42
Q

What is an example of a local factor for gingival and periodontal disease?

A

Xerostomia

43
Q

What is an example of a systemic factor for gingival and periodontal disease?

A

Smoking

44
Q

What is the primary bacteria associated with periodontitis?

A

a. Aggregatibacter actinomysetemocomitans
b. Porphymonas gingivalis
c. Prevotella intermedia
d. Tannerella forsythia
e. Treponema denticola

D2 Fall - Pt Care III (6 decks)

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