Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AGRI 51 > 8a - soil erosion and conservation > Flashcards

8a - soil erosion and conservation Flashcards

1
Q

The detachment and transportation of soil particles by the forces of water and/or wind

A

soil erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Process that transforms soil into sediment

A

soil erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

GEOLOGIC EROSION

is a ________ process that

wears down _______________ (mountains and hills)

and _______ topographic lows (valleys, lakes bays) through deposition of eroded sediments

A

natural
topographic highs
fills in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Erosion that exceeds normal geologic erosion and becmoes destructive

A

accelerated erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

accelerated erosion occurs when the soil and natural vegetation are disturbed by human activity. It is often __ to _______ times as destructive as geological erosion

A

10 to 1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Characteristics of Soils Susceptible to erosion

— infiltration capacity?
— OM content?
— structure?
— location?
— reaction to water? (usually intensified by fire)

A

low infiltration capacity,
low OM content,
unstable structure,
on steep hills,
hydrophobic characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

EFFECTS / CONSEQUENCES of Soil Erosion

> Loss of soil productivity

When topsoil erodes, the less fertile and harder _____________ becomes exposed. This leads to lower _________ production, lower water infiltration, and greater runoff

A

B horizon,
foliar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

EFFECTS / CONSEQUENCES of Soil Erosion

> Sediment pollution

when eroded sediment is rich in _________ or ___________, it can upset the ecosystem at its point off deposition

A

fertilizers or pesticides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

EFFECTS / CONSEQUENCES of Soil Erosion

> Loss of water

Soil is the ___________ of water. Decreasing its depth through erosion will __________ its capability to hold water.

A

repository,
decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

EFFECTS / CONSEQUENCES of Soil Erosion

> Flooding

soil erosion results to flooding on ________ areas

A

lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

EFFECTS / CONSEQUENCES of Soil Erosion

> ____________________

soil erosion eventually destroys the environment

A

environment degradation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give five (5) effects/consequences of soil erosion

A
  1. loss of soil productivity
  2. sediment pollution
  3. loss of water
  4. flooding
  5. environmental degradation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give two (2) off-site effects of soil erosion

A
  1. siltation of dams, lakes, rivers, etc.
  2. floods, soil and water pollution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Three types of erosion based on agent

A
  1. water erosion
  2. wind erosion
  3. erosion by ice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

type of erosion most significant in tropical countries like the Philippines

A

water erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Two types of water erosion

A

rainfall / splash erosion
runoff / scour erosion

17
Q

illustrate erosion by ice

A

freeze-thaw
plucking
abrasion
rock lip

18
Q

Give the three mechanics of soil erosion

A

detachment/loosening,
transportation
deposition

19
Q

MECHANICS OF SOIL EROSION

> detachment / loosening of soil particles is caused by ___________ or the impact of ________________

A

flowing water
falling raindrops

20
Q

MECHANICS OF SOIL EROSION

> transportation of soil particles by __________, __________, __________, and/or ___________

A

floating, rolling, dragging, splashing

21
Q

MECHANICS OF SOIL EROSION

> deposition of transported particles at some place __________ in elevation

22
Q

the three-step process of soil erosion by water starts with what?

A

the impact of raindrops on soil

23
Q

what are some of the causes of soil erosion in the Philippines? give four

A
  1. steep slopes (3/4 of our land are is hilly to mountainous)
  2. highly erodible soils
  3. high rainfall erosivity (high intensity and duration)
  4. poor vegetative cover in cultivated lands
24
Q

give five reasons why soil erosion should be minimized

A
  1. sustain or improve crop yields
  2. reduce drainage costs maintenance
  3. retain nutrients and chemicals where applied
  4. reduce hazards and catastrophe
  5. help improve water quality
25
Q

give four (4) types of erosion based on sequential occurrence

A

sheet
rill
gully
stream channel

26
Q

give six (6) factors affecting degree of erosion

hint: v e r t practice practice

A
  1. rainfall
  2. soil erodibility (texture, structure, bulk density, porosity, infiltration and water retention)
  3. topography (slope steepness/length)
  4. vegetation
  5. cropping practices
  6. soil conservation practice
27
Q

give three (3) ways to minimize soil erosion

hint: structure, surface, control

A
  1. maintain good soil structure
  2. protect the soil surface by adequate crop and residue cover
  3. use special structural erosion control practices where necessary
28
Q

give four (4) principles in soil conservation

hint: RR RR IW ISPA

A
  1. reduction of run off velocity
  2. increase in water infiltration
  3. reduction of raindrop impact
  4. increase in soil porosity and aggregation
29
Q

give nine examples of soil conservation practices

hint: farming, cropping 3x, forest 2x, rock, water 2x

A
  1. contour farming
  2. cover cropping
  3. alley cropping
  4. terracing, rock wall, mechanical barriers
  5. contour ditches, grassed waterways
  6. farm ponds, check dams
  7. reforestation
  8. agroforestry
  9. multiple cropping, mic planting
30
Q

give example of an erosion control structure

AGRI 51 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions