8.5 HSC core: Social and Cultural Continuity and Change Flashcards
Intergrated concepts
Related core concepts:
CCBETSMW
- C ontinuity and Change
- C ooperation and conflict
- B eliefs and values
- E mpowerment
- T radition
- S ustainability
- M odernisation
- W esternisation
Intergrated concepts
Modernisation
- Adoption of characteristics from “more advanced” societies
- Technological advancement & cultural life updates
Intergrated concepts
Westernisation
Cultural change of values, customs and practices adopted from Western industrial capitalism
Concepts
What is industrialisation?
Summary
Large introduction of manufacturing, advanced technical enterprises, and other productive economic activity into an area, society or country
Concepts
What is urbanisation?
Summary
An increase in a population in cities & towns versus rural areas.
Industrial revolution > workers moving to manufacturing cities > job opportunity
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
What is change?
Summary
Change
The developement and/or modification of values, beliefs, culture and social norms overtime on all 3M levels of society
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
What is social change?
3 dot points
Change
Changes in human interactions and relationships that transform cultural and social institutions
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
Considerations of social changes:
3 dot points
Change
- Rate of change
- Processes (agents & causes)
- Directions (impacts & implications)
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
Reason/causes for change:
4 dot points
Change
- Natural environment
- Changes in government
- Technology, industry, innovation, science
- Government policies, power and authority
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
What is continuity?
3 dot points
Continuity
- Consistency in cultural elements (traditions and social structures) overtime in a society > brings stability
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
What is social continuity
3 dot points
Continuity
- Structures which are inherently resistant to change
- Persistence of cultural elements within a society
- Any object, process or type of an event that persists between two/more periods of time
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
-Change is a complex process
5 dot points: Meaning and examples
Change
- Change is multilinear > societies & cultures evolve in different paths
- Many contributing forces
- Butterfly effect > affect higher or lower levels
- Competing theories provide conflicting ideas that change can either be slow or abrupt
- Eg, anti-discriminatory laws against homophobia: passed quick at macro level, not accepted at micro/meso level
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
-Evolutionary change
3 dot points: Meaning and examples
Change
- Slow changes that accumulate over a long period of time to alter society on a large scale
- Result of internal sources: westernisation (ideological and/or cultural shifts), modernisation (external sources: environmental conditions, acculturation or cultural diffusion)
- Eg, environmentalism (eco-friendly changes), bureaucratisation (government changes), demographic (population alteration)
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
-Transformative change
4 dot points: Meaning and examples
Change
- Dramatic & rapid, but not always in a short period of time
- Triggered by technology, social movements, rebelions or revolutions
- Social movements: groups experiencing inequities > empowered to take action for change
- Eg, feminism (right to vote 1902), Fairtrade, Kony 2012, Civil Rights movements, Black Lives Matter
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
-Resistance to change
Why is it relevant?
Change
There is a strong correlation between the rate of social and cultural change and the resistance to that change
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
-Resistance to change
…occurs due to:
9 dot points
Change
- values and beliefs: abortion law protests in NSW 2019
- cultural ethnocentrism:
- vested interests
- the pace of innovation
- cultural lag
The Nature of Social & Cultural Continuity & Change
How does change spread?
3 dot points
Change
Diffusion - ideas move from one society to another society
Acculturation - ideas are adopted by one culture, from another culture
Transculturation - ideas taken from each other when cultures are in contact with one another
Influence of C+C on the veleopement of society at the 3M levels
Influence of continuity & change: micro level
3 dot points and example
- social change > family structure, peer interaction, gender roles and expectations
- Contexts affect a persons extent to adopt/resist change
- Eg, ‘son of a lion’ - Miaz would like to go to change, but due to continuity in his family, his father won’t let him and instead become a soldier (Pashtun people)
Influence of C+C on the veleopement of society at the 3M levels
Influence of continuity & change: meso level
- Social change between communities
- Process of localisation developed in response to globalisation - community tailors ideas & practises to suit local context
- Revitalisation - directing efforts to continuity of culture
Influence of C+C on the veleopement of society at the 3M levels
Influence of continuity & change: Macro level
Affected collective behaviours on a large scale
* Eg, apology to stolen generation (government), anti-terrorism (law), news (media), global warming (environment)
