8.4 effectiveness

Question 1

zoning restrictions

Answer 1

Land use requirements that are enforced by government.

These laws may require that historic buildings be preserved, that parking lots are built or that there is a certain amount of green space relative to developed space.

Question 2

CAC problems

Answer 2

can have rebound effects, push dirty activities to other places and have other issues that limit their effectiveness

Question 3

common patterns to real-world effluence taxes

Answer 3

• The motivation is primarily for raising revenues rather than use the tax to lower emissions.
• Revenue is usually earmarked for use in environmental improvement projects.
• Effluence charges are not high enough to incentivize firms to change behavior. In fact, the seem designed in a way to eliminate that incentive.
• The charges start low and then increase at a rate that is faster than inflation

Question 4

why incentive based approaches?

Answer 4

improve the environment at a lower cost then traditional command-and-control methods

Question 5

regulation by inefficiency

Answer 5

When regulation to protect fisheries chooses costly command-and-control regulation.

The goal is to create technological requirements for fishers that are deliberately expensive in order to discourage fishing