8.3 Ribonucleic acids (RNA)

Question 1

Q: What is a silent mutation?

Answer 1

A: Ribonucleic acid.

Question 2

Q: How does RNA differ from DNA?

Answer 2

A: RNA is single-stranded, contains the sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose, and has uracil (U) instead of thymine (T) and is smaller shorter and lighter than DNA

Question 3

A: RNA is single-stranded, contains the sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose, and has uracil (U) instead of thymine (T).

Answer 3

A: Messenger RNA (mRNA), Transfer RNA (tRNA), and Ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

Question 4

Q: What is the function of mRNA?

Answer 4

A: It carries the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Question 5

Q: How is mRNA formed?

Answer 5

A: Through transcription, where a complementary RNA strand is synthesized using DNA as a template.

Question 6

Q: What is the structure of mRNA?

Answer 6

A: mRNA is a single-stranded molecule with codons that are complementary to the DNA template strand.
.Helix
.codons- triple codes
.in nucleus
.Many mono nucleotides

Question 7

Q: What are codons?

Answer 7

A: Sequences of three bases on mRNA that code for specific amino acids.

Question 8

Q: What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Answer 8

A: tRNA carries specific amino acids to the ribosome, where they are added to the growing polypeptide chain.

Question 9

Q: What is the structure of tRNA?

Answer 9

A: tRNA is a single stand that coils on itself making it have a cloverleaf shape with an anticodon at one end and an amino acid attachment site at the other. Its very small. Each tRNA specific to one amino acid.

Question 10

Q: What is an anticodon?

Answer 10

A: A sequence of three bases on tRNA that is complementary to a codon on mRNA.