8.2.1 Flashcards
What is adherence to medical advice?
It is when patients follow specific guidance from health professionals.
What is unintentional non-adherence and Give three examples of unintentional non-adherence.
A: When a patient wants to follow treatment but faces uncontrollable barriers.
A: Forgetting, not understanding the doctor, and being unable to afford treatment.
What is intentional non-adherence And Name two reasons for intentional non-adherence.
A: When a patient deliberately chooses not to follow a treatment.
A: Beliefs about medication and lack of motivation.
What are the six factors identified by Laba et al. (2012) that influence intentional non-adherence?
A: Immediate medication harms, long-term medication harms, immediate medication benefits, long-term medication benefits, financial cost, and treatment regime.
What is a key predictor of missing future medical appointments and Name two common reasons why they would miss appointments
A: Previous failure to attend appointments.
A: Work commitments and transportation difficulties.
What age groups are most likely to miss medical appointments?
A: Those under 21 and those over 80 years old.
Q: Name two demographic factors that increase the likelihood of missing an appointment.
A: Low social status/class and minority ethnic background.
Q: What are two consequences of missing medical appointments?
A: Unresolved medical problems and increased costs to the healthcare system.
What does rational non-adherence mean and List two reasons why patients may rationally decide to stop medication.
A: When a patient makes a conscious decision not to follow treatment based on perceived risks and benefits.
A: Believing the medication is not helping and experiencing side effects that outweigh benefits.
According to Bulpitt and Fletcher (1988), why did 8% of high blood pressure patients stop taking medication?
A: Due to sexual problems caused by the medication.
Q: 15% of patients in Bulpitt and Fletcher’s study stopped treatment due to?
a combination of tiredness, sexual problems, and gout
Q: According to the health belief model, what two main factors influence preventative health action?
A: Perceived threat of illness and the pros and cons of taking action.
Q: What are “cues to action” in the health belief model?
A: Triggers like appointment reminders, advertisements, or posters that encourage adherence.
Q: How does perceived seriousness affect medical adherence?
A: If a patient believes a health problem is serious, they are more likely to follow treatment.
Q: What role do demographic variables play in the health belief model?
A: Factors like age, personality traits, and social class influence adherence behavior.
Q: What was the aim of Laba et al. (2012)?
A: To explore factors influencing intentional non-adherence and the importance of medication-specific factors and patient background.
Q: What method did Laba et al. (2012) use?
A: An experiment with 248 Australian participants who completed an online survey and a medication-choice questionnaire.
Q: What was the most important factor influencing medication adherence in Laba et al.’s study?
A: The ability of the medication to reduce the risk of death.
Q: How did financial status affect adherence in Laba et al. (2012)?
A: Those with medical insurance were less sensitive to medication costs.
Q: What were two key conclusions from Laba et al. (2012)?
A: Patients make rational choices, and adherence can be improved by reducing costs, altering treatment regimes, and educating patients on benefits.
Q: What was a major limitation of Laba et al.’s study?
A: Low participation rate (10%) and use of hypothetical scenarios, which may not reflect real-life adherence behavior.
