8.2 Classification of Archaea

Question 1

What do you call the group of organisms that can thrive in harsh environments such as this?

Answer 1

Extremophiles

Question 2

What might be the reason for its capacity to survive and adapt to extreme environments?

Answer 2

archaea have a more stable membrane chemistry than bacteria and eukaryotes have, which may make them better able to survive in extreme environments.

Question 3

one or more extreme conditions to grow

Answer 3

Extremophilic

Question 4

• growsatoptimal“normal” conditions
• tolerates extreme values of one or more physicochemical parameters

Answer 4

extremotolerant

Question 5

• Extreme ________________
- cold-loving archaea
- Optimum: <15 ̊C – 20 ̊C

Answer 5

psychrophile

Question 6

Archaea living in extreme temperature
_____________
- extremely heat-loving archaea - Optimum: >80 ̊C – 113 ̊C

Answer 6

extreme thermophile

Question 7

Archaea living in extreme pH
• ____________________
- extremely low-pH loving Archaea
- Optimum: >3; slow to no growth near neutral p

Answer 7

acidophile

Question 8

Archaea living in extreme amount of solutes
• _______________
- Salt-loving Archaea - Optimum: 2.5 M
dissolved salt; lysis at
low salt concentration

Answer 8

halophile

Question 9

__________________
- anaerobic Archaea
- metabolism of methane:
- source of energy: hydrogen
- source of carbon: carbon dioxide

Answer 9

methanogen

Question 10

You are a new biology teacher scoring your student’s short-answer questions. In one of the questions, your student writes that Archaea and Bacteria are similar in all aspects. After giving a score, what correction/feedback would you write in his/her answer sheet?

Answer 10

archaea have cell walls without peptidoglycan, while bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan.

Question 11

• Methanococcus jannaschii
• Methanobacterium
  bryantii
• Methanobrevibacter
  ruminantium

Answer 11

methanogen

Question 12

_ Haloferax volcanii
- Holorhabdus utahensis
- Halococcus gibbonsii
- Haloarcula vallismort

Answer 12

halophile

Question 13

• Picrophilus oshimae
• Picrophilus torridus

Answer 13

acidophile

Question 14

• Methanopyrus kandleri
• Acidianus infernus
• Pyrodictium abyssi

Answer 14

thermophile

Question 15

• Cenarchaeum symbiosum

Answer 15

psychrophile