8.12

Question 1

A copy of all the files that exists at the point in time when the backup is taking place.

Answer 1

full backup

Question 2

An ________ stores files that has been changed or added since the last backup has been made

Answer 2

incremental backup

Question 3

A ____________ copies all of the files that have been updated since the last full backup.

Answer 3

differential backup

Question 4

This feature allows you to take point-in-time snapshots of the files on a system without causing the downtime inherent in traditional backups. A snapshot is set pointers to blocks of data that make up a set of files at a point in time.

Answer 4

Snapshot clones backup

Question 5

A single computer file or set of files that contain the contents of a hard disk.

Answer 5

image backup

Question 6

An algorithm that produces a 128-bit hash value.

Answer 6

message digest algorithm 5 (MD5)

Question 7

A cryptographic hash function that takes an input and produces a 160-bit (20-byte) hash value known as a message digest. SHA is typically rendered as a 40-digit hexadecimal number.

Answer 7

Secure Hash Algorithm
(SHA)

Question 8

utility takes the contents of several files and stores them as a single file

Answer 8

tar

Question 9

The _____ command can be used to backup directories or entire file systems

Answer 9

tar

Question 10

To help others know that the tar utility must be used to ___________ from it, by convention, an archive file created with tar is assigned an extension of .tar.

Answer 10

extract files

Question 11

The _____ command reduces the size of the named files using Lempel–Ziv coding (LZ77).

Answer 11

gzip

Question 12

Whenever possible, each file is replaced by one with the extension ‘________ while keeping the same ownership modes, access and modification times

Answer 12

.gz’,

Question 13

The ___ command is a general-purpose data compression tool with command line syntax similar to gzip and bzip2. The native file format is the .xz format, but also the legacy .lzma format and raw compressed streams with no container format headers are supported.

Answer 13

xz

Question 14

The xz command ________ or decompresses each file according to the selected operation mode. If no files are given or file is -, xz reads from the standard input and writes the processed data to standard outpu

Answer 14

compresses

Question 15

__________compresses files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text compression algorithm, and Huffman coding.
The command-line options are deliberately very similar to those of GNU gzip, but they are not identical.

Answer 15

bzip2

Question 16

bzip2 expects a list of file names to accompany the command-line flags. Each file is replaced by a compressed version of itself______________, with the name . Each compressed file has the same modification date, permissions, and, when possible, ownership as the corresponding original, so that these properties can be correctly restored at decompression time.

Answer 16

original_name.bz2