81. Family planning and reproductive health .Contraception Flashcards
why is family planning important ?
promote the health of women and baby
what are the different types of contraception in order from most affective to least effective ?
intrauterine devices < less than 1 percent
subcutaneous rod placement
1 percent ):
combined hormone injections once every month or three months
or depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injections
monthly vaginal ring that releases combined hormones
combined hormonal weekly patches
daily oral pills / or progestin only pills
less than 2 percent
condoms - if used correctly and consistently
what are the behavioural methods of contraception ?
coitus interuptus
breastfeeding
fertility awareness
what is inside the contraceptive rod?
progestin and etonogestrel
who are contraindicated of contraceptive rods ?
breast cancer and the who had breast cancer 5 years ago
anticonsulvant takers
what is a contraindication for IUD ?
active infection
cancer of cervix , uterus , uterine cavity not the correct size or shape
what are the types of IUD ?
copper - T - IUD
levonorgestrel releasing IUD
how does copper t IUD work ?
immobilising and killing the sperm
how does LNG -IUD work ?
thickening the cervix mucus to prevent the entry of sperm
what are the side effects of using these IUD ?
bleeding can be seen
taking combined hormonalontraceptives reduces the risk of what ?
ovarian and endometrial cancer
osteoporosis
what is the risk of taking combine hormonal contraceptives ?
venous thromboembolism
deep venous thrombosis
pulmonary embolism
extremely rare
benign hepatic tumors
what are contraindications for combined hormonal contraceptives ?
preexisting hypertension , strok , breast cancer , liable hypertension , advanced diabetes , hepatic failure
what are the side effects of combined hormonal contraceptives ?
unscheduled bleeding
spotting
breast tenderness
how does the progestin only method work for contraceptions ?
thickens cervical mucus
and profoundly suppress gonadotropins to inhibit ovulation
what are the physical barriers women can use for contraception ?
diaphragm , vaginal shield , crvical cap
each of this works best with the use of spermicidal gel
why spermicide use not recommended for multiple actions ?
risk for HIV
what are the emergencies contraception pills ?
levonogestrol pills , first tablet taken soon as possible within 72 hours after unprotected sex
take the second tablet 12 hours apart
what is the most common method for women over 30 ?
sterilisation
how is male sterility achieved ?
vasectomy (removal of vas deferens carry the seprm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct )
how is female sterilisation achieved ?
fallopian tubes are tied and cut apart through laparotomy incision
blocking fallopian tubes - micro insert placed using a hysteroscope
after the next three months scar tissue forms inside the fallopian tube
salpingography to confirm blockage of ducts
