8.1 - Blood Pressure and Perfusion

Question 1

Define blood pressure

Answer 1

• Blood pressure is the pressure
  exerted by the circulating blood
  on blood vessel walls.

Question 2

Mechanism that assist in blood circulation

Answer 2

• Blood flows from high pressure
  in the arteries to low pressure
  in the veins.
• Blood pressure is the product
  of cardiac output and total
  peripheral resistance.

Question 3

Identify and describe the the mechanisms which assist in blood circulation

Answer 3

• Cardiac output, stroke volume,
  Multiplied by Peripheral
  resistance.
• Blood comes into the right
  atrium from the body, moves
  into the right ventricle and is
  pushed into the pulmonary
  arteries in the lungs. After
  picking up oxygen, the blood
  travels back to the heart
  through the pulmonary veins
  into the left atrium, to the left
  ventricle and out to the body’s
  tissues through the aorta.

Question 4

Cardiac output formula

Answer 4

CO = HR (heart rate) x SV (stroke volume)

Question 5

Explain how blood pressure is controlled:

Answer 5

Blood pressure is controlled by the amount of cardiac output x peripheral resistance.

Question 6

Blood pressure formula

Answer 6

BP = CO x PR

Question 7

Define turbulent and laminar flow in blood vessels throughout the body:

Answer 7

Laminar flow - smooth flow, less resistance, you can’t hear it
Turbulent flow - not a smooth flow because it has more resistance and you can hear it (when using stethoscope)

Question 8

Describe how capillary exchange of solvent and solute occurs:

Answer 8

Arteriolar end blood pressure is greater than osmotic pressure so it leaves into the interstitial fluid. Venule end, osmotic pressure is greater than blood pressure so it enters the capillary.

Question 9

Pulse pressure formula

Answer 9

Pulse pressure formula = systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure

Question 10

Mean Arterial Blood pressure formula

Answer 10

MABP = Systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure /3 + diastolic blood pressure