8.1 Flashcards
How are substances distributed to cell organelles
By the movement of cytoplasm, also known as cytoplasmic streaming
What provides energy for cell functions(Molecule)?
ATP
What are the three main functions of the circulatory system?
- Transports gases, nutrient molecules, and waste materials
- Regulates internal temperature and transports hormones
- Protects against blood loss from injury and against disease causing microbes or toxic substances
What are the three major components of the circulatory system?
- The heart
- The blood vessels
- The blood
Where does the word cardio come from?
comes from a greek word meaning heart
where does the word vascular come from?
comes from a latin word meaning vessel
What does the blood carry?
nutrients. oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, wates and many other materials
Where is the heart located?
Slightly to the left of the middle of the chest
what are the functions of the heart?
Pumping blood through the body, keeping oxygen rich blood separate from the oxygen poor blood and ensuring that the blood flows only in one direction through the body
What are the walls of the heart made up of?
A special type of muscle tissue called cardiac muscle that is found nowhere else in the body
How many chambers does the heart have?
4
Are the atria at the top or bottom of the heart?
Top (think of atrium)
Does blood enter through the atria or ventricles?
Atria
What separates the ventricles?
The septum
What is the septum
A thick muscular wall separating the ventricles
How many valves does the heart have?
4
What do valves do?
ensure blood flows in the right direction
Do arteries have elastic walls?
Yes. It allows the artery to expand as a wave of blood surgess through it during the contraction of the ventricles and then snap back agin during the relaxation of the ventricles
Do arteries or veins have valves?
Veins. They help the blood move forward and prevent pooling
How thick is a capillary wall?
one cell thick
How wide are capillaries?
Just wide enough for a blood cell to get through
What triggers the hearbeat?
an electrical signal from within the heart
What node is responsible for your heart beat?
the sinoatrial node (also known as the pacemaker)
