8 What we need to know - Immune System

Question 1

Asthma and anaphylaxis are what type of hyper sensitivity reaction?

Explain how it works.

Answer 1

Type 1 Hypersensitivity- ALLERGY

Sensitisation: IgE produced by B-cell (activated by hypersensitive T-helper cell) activate mast cells (now sensititised)

Antigen reacts with IgE bound to mast cells

Genetic link: T-helper cells= hypersensitive and TH2 cells stimilate degranulation of eosinophils

Question 2

How can a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction be treated?

Answer 2

Antihistamines

Anti-IgE monoclonal antibody therapy

Allergen desensitisation (oral immunotherapy)

Adrenaline (epinephrine)

Question 3

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia is an example of what type of hypersensitivity reaction?

Explain how it works.

Answer 3

Type 2

• Cytotoxic
• Tissue specific (systemic= Type 3)
• Self reactive B cells
  
  • Produce IgG or IgM