8. Transport In Mammals Flashcards
mammalian circulatory system
mammalian circulatory system is a closed double circulation consisting of a heart, blood and blood vessels including arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins.
closed, double- blood is contained within vessels and blood flows through the heart twice on one complete circulation of the body.
functions of the main blood vessels of the pulmonary and systemic circulations
pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, aorta and vena cava
recognise arteries, veins and capillaries from microscope slides, photomicrographs and electron micrographs
explain how the structure of muscular arteries, elastic arteries,
veins and capillaries are each related to their functions
elastic artery-
muscular artery-
capillary-
vein-
recognise and draw red blood cells, monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes from microscope slides, photomicrographs and electron micrographs
red blood cells-
monocytes-
neutrophil-
lymphocytes-
water role
water is the main component of blood and tissue fluid
relate the properties of water to its role in transport in mammals
water is the main component of blood and tissue fluid-
relate the properties of water to its role in transport in mammals- solvent action and high specific heat capacity
functions of tissue fluid and describe the formation of tissue fluid in a capillary network
describe and explain the oxygen dissociation curve of adult haemoglobin
describe the role of red blood cells in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide with reference to the roles of:
- haemoglobin
- carbonic anhydrase
- the formation of haemoglobinic acid
- the formation of carbaminohaemoglobin
describe the chloride shift and explain the importance of the chloride shift
describe the Bohr shift and explain the importance of the Bohr shift
*metabolically active organs release more CO2/partial pressure of CO2 is higher.
*affinity of haemoglobin decreases for oxygen (as haemoglobin acid formed)
*more oxygen released for aerobic respiration/ ATP production- muscle contraction
explain the importance of the oxygen dissociation curve at partial pressures of oxygen in the lungs and in respiring tissues
describe the external and internal structure of the mammalian heart
describe the cardiac cycle, with reference to the relationship between blood pressure changes during systole and diastole and the opening and closing of valves
explain the differences in the thickness of the walls of the:
- atria and ventricles
- left ventricle and right ventricle
explain the roles of the sinoatrial node, the atrioventricular node and the Purkyne tissue in the cardiac cycle
