8. Transcription & Translation Flashcards
Where does transcription take place?
Nucleus
Which enzyme is involved in transcription?
RNA polymerase
What substrates are required for transcription?
NTP’s
What are the 3 steps of transcription?
Initiation, Elongation & Termination
What direction does RNA polymerase elongate?
5’ to 3’, will extend from the 3’ end
How is transcription initiated?
Promotor region with a TATA Box is recognised by transcription factors and recruits RNA polymerase
What point does transcription begin from?
+1
What is the template strand in transcription?
The strand that the RNA polymerase is reading from, the mRNA will be complementary to this strand.
What is the coding strand in transcription?
The strand which is complementary to the template strand and will be identical to the mRNA.
What will be the only difference between the coding strand and the mRNA?
mRNA will have uracil instead of thymine
How is transcription terminated?
Terminator region at the end of the gene causes RNA polymerase to detach.
What 3 things are carried out during RNA processing?
- Capping at the 5’ end
- Poly A tail at the 3’ end
- Splicing to remove introns
What is the function of the 5’cap and 3’ poly A tail?
To protect the mRNA against degradation so that it can be translated.
What type of link attaches the Methionine at the 5’ Cap?
5’-5’ linkage
Which enzyme is responsible for the addition of the Poly A tail/
Poly A polymerase
