8. The Neville-Percy Dispute Flashcards
Where did the 2 leading noble families have substantial territorial claims?
Yorkshire, the Lake District and other northern counties
What was Henry ‘Hotspur’ Percy made in 1377?
earl of Northumberland
How did the Nevilles gain prestige?
Via involvement in wars against Scots
Who was the head of the Neville family?
Richard Neville, earl of Salisbury
Why were their rivalries in land and prestige inevitable?
Proximity of their 2 estates
What happened in 1403 that was a setback for the Percys?
Hotspur led a rebellion against King Henry IV so lands forfeited to crown.
What led to the Percys regaining influence?
1416-1440, Hotspur’s grandson Henry negotiated to recover most of their forfeited land
Why was the head of the Neville family significant?
He was a member of the King’s council 1440s and was an important adviser to the King
Who did Richard Neville, the head of the family, ‘s son marry
The ‘kingmaker’ married wealthy heiress Anne Beauchamp
What did Richard inherit in 1449?
At 21, inherited the title of earl of Warwick via marriage and vast estates especially in the midlands
What increased Percy resentment?
Growing ascendancy of the Nevilles
Who took the leading role in the major conflicts of 1450s?
The younger sons of both families:
Percy- earl of Northumberland’s sons, Thomas (Lord Egremont 1449), Ralph and Richard.
Neville: earl of Salisbury’s sons, Thomas and John
Why was there a planned assassination at the wedding of Thomas Neville to Maud Stanhope?
The marriage would mean that Thomas would inherit two Percy Manors of Wressle and Burwell as Lord Cromwell had been given them in service to Henry VI, while Northumbrland was engaged in legal proceedings to take his land back from Cromwell
Who were actively hostile June and July 1453?
Egremont and John Neville- outbreaks of violence between rival retinues
Why did the sons of Neville and Percy disregard the king’s royal commands with impunity
Too weak and ineffective
What fraught situation did the Neville-Stanhope marriage take place?
Aug- Henry’s mental collapse
What happened 24 Aug 1453?
The Nevilles returned from wedding party to find a large force led by Egremont & Richard Percy who ambushed them & tried to assassinate Salisbury + other members of family
How did the Nevilles escape this attack?
The skill and size of their own affinity
What does the assassination attempt show?
How law & order had broken down during Henry VI’s reign and demonstrates how local rivalries & national politics were interlinked
Who did the Nevilles support when there was a political crisis in terms of who should govern in Aug 1453?
Richard duke of York to be Defender & Protector of the Realm
Who did the Percy support in the 1453 political crisis?
Margaret and the duke of Somerset
Who did the Percies convince to support their cause because they were also in a land dispute with Lord Cromwell?
Henry Holand, duke of Exeter
What happened on 27th March that concerned the governance of the country?
The duke of York was made Protector
What happened to the Neville’s when the decision about the country was made 1454 27March
Richard Neville, earl of Salisbury, appointed chancellor
