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Science > 8 th Science 12/2013 > Flashcards

8 th Science 12/2013 Flashcards

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1
Q

density

A

the amount of mass per unit of volume

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2
Q

The desity of an object is determined by

A

how tightly packed together the matter is

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3
Q

the unity for density is

A

g/ml or g/cm3

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4
Q

anything that takes up space is made of

A

matter

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5
Q

physical properties of a substance

A

characteristics of the substance such as, color, smell, taste, hardness, state of matter, temperature changes, density, mass, volume, malleability, solubility

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6
Q

chemical properties

A

determined by a substance’s ability to react with other substances such as, water/ acids.
Examples of chemical property - the color of a sunset, the shape of a leaf, the ability of gunpowder to explode.

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7
Q

The ability of wood to burn is a ______________ property

A

chemical

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8
Q

The hardness of a diamond is ________________________ property.

A

physical

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9
Q

In a chemical change, what happens to the original substances?

A

They combine/react to form a new substance

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10
Q

examples of what happens in a chemical change:

A

impossible to reverse.

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11
Q

Oxidation creates rust. That’s an example of a _________________ reaction.

A

chemical

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12
Q

When you digest food, that is an example of _______________________ change.

A

chemical

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13
Q

When Ice melts and becomes water, that’s a ____________________ change.

A

physical

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14
Q

Vinegar is mixed with baking soda and releases carbon dioxide gas. That’s a ___________________ reation.

A

chemical

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15
Q

a pencil is sharpened and leaves behind shavings. That’s a __________________ change.

A

physical

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16
Q

Color, shape and texture are ____________________ properties.

A

physical

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17
Q

mass is the amount of _____________________.

A

matter is the amount of space an object takes up.

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18
Q

a person’s weight changes when on the moon, but her ____________________ stays the same.

A

mass

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19
Q

What do you call the method of measuring the mass of irregularly shaped solids? (Think about putting it in water)
What unit is used to measure it?

A

displacement

mL ( milliliters)

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20
Q

endothermic change

A

a chemical reaction that requires heat

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21
Q

exothermic change

A

chemical reaction in which heat is produced and released into the environment

22
Q

What do we use a spring scale to measure?

A

weight

23
Q

What do we use to measure mass?

A

a balance

24
Q

To find an object’s density, first measure its _______________ and _________________. Then use the equation: ____________________

A

first measure its mass, then volume, then use the formula D=m/V

25
Q

what are the three four states of matter?

A

solid, liquid, and gas and plasma

26
Q

Is flammability a physical or chemical property?

A

chemical

27
Q

The properties that are the most useful in identifying a substance are ________________________ properties.

A

Characteristic properties are most useful in identifying a substance. (Both physical and chemical)

28
Q

Particles of which state of matter (solid, liquid, or gas) move the fastest and are the farthest apart.

A

gas

29
Q

Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume.

A

solids

30
Q

Viscosity describes a liquid’s resistance to _____________________.

A

Viscosity is the term that refers to a liquid’s resistance to flow. (ex: honey flows much slower than water; it has a higher viscosity)

31
Q

Length x height x width = _________________

A

volume

32
Q

a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape is ____________

A

gas

33
Q

Erosion of soil is an example of a _________________ change.

A

physical

34
Q

The ability of an element to be molded or flattened is called

A

malleability

35
Q

How does a liquid become a solid?

A

when the temperature is lowered to a liquid’s freezing point, it becomes solid

36
Q

What is the SI unit for length?

A

(m) meter

37
Q

What is the SI unit for volume?

A

(L) liters

(mL) milliliters

38
Q

What is the SI unit for mass?

A

(kg) kilograms
(g) grams
(mg) milligrams

39
Q

What is the SI unit for temperature?

A

(K) Kelvin

(C) Celsius

40
Q

What tool do scientists use to measure temperature?

A

thermometer

41
Q

Condensation is the change of state from a ___________________ to a ____________.

A

from a gas to a liquid

42
Q

The ________________________ is the point at which a liquid boils.

A

boiling point

43
Q

_______________ is the change from a liquid state to a gas state,

A

evaporation

44
Q

____________________ is the process in which a solid directly changes into a gas.

A

sublimation

45
Q

What is the melting point of ice?

What is the freezing point of water?

A

0 degrees Celsius
If energy is added, it melts
if energy is removed, it freezes

46
Q

Plasma is different from gas because ____________________________.

A

The atoms are different. Plasma is made up of positively and negatively charged particles and the electrons are free to move around, rather than bound to the nucleus, as in gasses.
Ex: neon lights, the Northern Lights

47
Q

The temperature of a substance is related to the speed of that substance’s __________________________.

A

particles

48
Q

__________________ is added during endothermic changes.

A

Energy

49
Q

What is different about the movement of particles in a solid vs. a liquid?

A

The particles move more in a liquid and spread out. In a solid, the particles barely move - just vibrate.

50
Q

chemical properties describe a substance based on its ability to _____________ into a _________________________ substance that has different __________________________.

A

based on its ability to change into a new substance that has different properties

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