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CCNA > 8. TCP/IP Transport Layer and Application Layer > Flashcards

8. TCP/IP Transport Layer and Application Layer Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two most common Transport Layer Protocols?

A

TCP and UDP

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2
Q

The term for tracking communication between multiple applications on the source and destination host.

A

Multiplexing.

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3
Q

What is an MTU

A

Maximum Transmission Unit

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4
Q

What is Segmentation

A

The process by which the TCP protocol breaks up chunks of data into smaller segments that will fit the MTU of the underlying network layers.

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5
Q

Six Functions of the Transport Layer

A
  1. Session Multiplexing
  2. Identification of Different Applications
  3. Segmentation
  4. Flow Control
  5. Connection-Oriented
  6. Reliability
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6
Q

Which term is used to describe the application identifier for TCP and UDP applications?

A

Port Numbers

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7
Q

This function of TCP works to maximize the data transfer rate and minimize the required retransmissions.

A

Flow Control

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8
Q

What does it mean that TCP is Connection-Oriented?

A

TCP establishes a session between two IP hosts and maintains the connection during the entire transmission.

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9
Q

What are the three main objectives of TCP Reliability?

A
  1. Detection and Retransmission of dropped packets.
  2. Detection and remediation of duplicate or out-of-order packets.
  3. Avoidance of congestion in the network.
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10
Q

Which Transport Layer Protocol is Reliable? (As opposed to Best-Effort)

A

TCP

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11
Q

Which Transport Layer Protocol is Best-Effort only?

A

UDP

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12
Q

Which Transport Layer Protocol is Connection-Oriented?

A

TCP

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13
Q

Which Transport Layer Protocol is Connectionless?

A

UDP

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14
Q

Which Transport Layer Protocol is used for Email, FTP, Web browsing, and downloading?

A

TCP

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15
Q

Which Transport Layer Protocol is used for Voice streaming, DHCP, and TFTP?

A

UDP

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16
Q

What are the three steps in a Three-Way-Handshake?

A

SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK

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17
Q

At what layer of the OSI model does TCP operate?

A

Layer 4

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18
Q

Purpose and Size of the Source Port on a TCP Header?

A

Purpose: Contains the Calling Port Number
Size: 16 bits

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19
Q

Purpose and Size of the Destination Port on a TCP Header?

A

Purpose: Contains the Called Port Number
Size: 16 Bits

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20
Q

Purpose and Size of the Sequence Number on a TCP Header?

A

Purpose: Used for reliability and congestion avoidance
Size: 32 Bits

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21
Q

Purpose and Size of the Acknowledgment Number on a TCP Header?

A

Purpose: Used for reliability and congestion avoidance

Size 32 Bits

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22
Q

Purpose and Size of the “Header Length” field on a TCP Header?

A

Purpose: Size of the TCP Header
Size: 4 bits

23
Q

Purpose and Size of the Reserved field on a TCP Header?

A

Purpose: Reserved for future use.
Size: 3 bits

24
Q

Purpose and Size of the Flags field on a TCP Header?

A

Purpose: These are control bits
Size: 9 bits.

25
Q

List the nine different Flags in the Flag field of a TCP Header.

A
  1. Nonce Sum (NS)
  2. Congestion Windows Reduced (CWR)
  3. Explicit Congestion Notification Echo (ECE)
  4. Urgent (URG)
  5. Acknowledgment (ACK)
  6. Push (PSH)
  7. Reset (RST)
  8. Synchronize (SYN)
  9. Finish (FIN)
26
Q

Purpose and Size of the “Window Size” field on a TCP Header?

A

Purpose: Allows the receiving computer to advertise how much data it can receive before having to drop packets. Used for Flow Control.
Size: 16 bits.

27
Q

Purpose and Size of the Checksum field on a TCP Header?

A

Purpose: Error Checking
Size: 16 bits

28
Q

Purpose and Size of the “Urgent Pointer” field on a TCP Header?

A

Purpose: If the URG flag is set, this field is an offset from the sequence number indicating the last urgent data byte.
Size: 16 bits

29
Q

what determines the size of the Options field on a TCP Header?

A

The data offset field.

30
Q

What is the purpose of the Data field in a TCP Header

A

Contains the Upper-Layer protocol data.

31
Q

List the 5 fields in a UDP segment.

A
  1. Source Port
  2. Destination Port
  3. Length
  4. Checksum
  5. Data
32
Q

Port # and Protocol used for FTP

A

Port 21, TCP

33
Q

Port # and Protocol used for SSH

A

Port 22, TCP

34
Q

Port # and Protocol used for Telnet

A

Port 23, TCP

35
Q

Port # and Protocol used for HTTP

A

Port 80, TCP

36
Q

Port # and Protocol used for HTTPS

A

Port 443, TCP

37
Q

Port # and Protocol used for DNS

A

Port 53, Both TCP and UDP

38
Q

Port # and Protocol used for TFTP

A

Port 69, UDP

39
Q

Port # and Protocol used for SNMP

A

Port 161, UDP

40
Q

Define HTTP

A

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

41
Q

List the 5 steps in an HTTP Request-Response Cycle

A
  1. Client Sends an HTTP request to the server.
  2. Server receives the request.
  3. Server Processes the request.
  4. Server returns an HTTP response.
  5. Client receives the response. (eg., web page content)
42
Q

Define DNS

A

Domain Name System

43
Q

This command queries DNS to resolve the domain name into IP address.

A

nslookup

44
Q

Define DHCP

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

45
Q

Three basic DHCP IPv4 allocation mechanisms

A
  1. Dynamic Allocation.
  2. Automatic Allocation.
  3. Static Allocation.
46
Q

Four Steps in Dynamically allocating an IPv4 address using DHCP

A
  1. Discover.
  2. Offer.
  3. Request.
  4. Acknowledge.
47
Q

Command to configure a Router as a DHCP Client.

A

Router(config-if)# ip address dhcp

48
Q

Command to verify that a router interface has aquired an IPv4 address through DHCP.

A

Router# show ip interface brief

49
Q

Command to configure a router for DHCP Relay

A

Router(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.0.0.1

50
Q

Command to enter the DHCP pool configuration mode.

A

Router(config)# ip dhcp pool (Name you’re assigning to the pool).

51
Q

Command that displays a list of all IPv4 address-to-MAC bindings

A

Router# show ip dhcp binding

52
Q

Command to verify information about the configured DHCP address pools.

A

Router# show ip dhcp pool

53
Q

Command to verify which services are running on a router.

A

Router# show control-plane host open-ports

54
Q

Command to disable the HTTP service on a router

A

Router(config)# no ip http server

CCNA (13 decks)

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