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3c. OCTA 215 FINAL EXAM > 8 SELFCARE > Flashcards

8 SELFCARE Flashcards

1
Q

GOALS IN SELF-CARE (3)

A

Preventing loss of independence.
Maintaining ability to perform tasks.
Improve ability to manage tasks independently.

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2
Q

DEVELOPMENTAL INFLUENCE

A

Activities of self-care are basic to human development.

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3
Q

AREAS OF SELF-CARE

A

Every day activities.
Usually done: with little thought, without assistance.

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4
Q

ADL

A

Activities of Daily Living.

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5
Q

BADL

A

Basic Activities of Daily Living.

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6
Q

ADL VS IADL

A

ADL: Activities of Daily Living, grooming, dressing, bathing.

IADL: Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, housekeeping, money management, meal prep, shopping.

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7
Q

FUNCTIONAL MOBILITY

A

Moving from one position or place to another.

Bed mobility.
Wheelchair mobility.
Transfers.
Ambulation.
Transporting objects.

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8
Q

TRANSFER TO HOUSEHOLD FUNITURE

A

Couches, easy/kitchen chairs, beds, recliners.

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9
Q

WHY TRANSFER TO OTHER FURNITURE

A

Break from wheelchair.
Join family / other social groups.
A more “normal” way of being in the environment and/or interacting in social situations.

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10
Q

CHANGES TO THE METHOD OF TRANSFER TO FURNITURE

A

Be aware of environmental differences .
Take precautions.
Know yourself.
Know your client.
By yourself.
Clients at home.
Client cannot give more help.
Moving around an armrest.

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11
Q

CHANGES TO THE ENVIRONMENT FOR TRANSFER TO FURNITURE

A

Raise chairs/beds.
Preferred height.
Extra cushions/firm cushions.
Plywood base under cushion/mattress.
Grab bars.
Vertical ceiling to floor pole: Superpole

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12
Q

PRECAUTIONS FOR TRANSFER TO FURNITURE

A

Equipment: securely positioned or fastened.
Clients physical/cognitive status: impulsive/unpredictable, weak.
Practice may lead to injury/falls: task is new, client refuses devices, may forget to use equipment, may be impulsive.
Proper footwear and body mechanics.

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13
Q

TOILET TRANSFERS: CHALLENGES

A

Confined space.
Small surface area on the toilet seat.
Toilet seat gets slippery.
No trunk support.
Low seat height: 14”-20” from floor.

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14
Q

POTENTIAL PROBLEMS WITH TOILET TRANSFERS

A

Wheelchair to toilet angle.
Client may need to face the toilet.
Hemiplegia.
Cannot always move towards their strong side.
Helper position.
Toilet seat unstable.

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15
Q

CHANGES TO METHOD IN TOILET TRANSFER

A

For independent standing pivot from w/c:
Client faces handrail.
Approaches toilet at 90 degrees.
Brakes on, footrest off or removed.
Move to edge of chair.
Grasp handrail, stand.
Pivot and sit.

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16
Q

CHANGES TO THE ENVIRONMENT WITH TOILET TRANSFERS

A

Grab bars.
Toilet arm rests.
Raised toilet seats. (RTS)
Commode chair.

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17
Q

TUB TRANSFER: CHALLENGES

A

Wheelchair, tub angle.
Hemiplegia.
Small space.
Client is reaching for something.
Tub height and style.

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18
Q

CHANGES TO METHOD OF TUB TRANSFERS

A

Dry tub.
Transfer in/out of a dry tub.
Hemiplegia.
Same w/c and bath seat height.
Managing legs: either one at a time, or swinging the legs in.

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18
Q

BATHTUB TRANSFER CHALLENGES

A

Wheelchair - tub angle
Hemiplegia
One way - will not be able to move towards their strong side
Helper position. Small space
Client may have reach for side of the tub: client may reach for shower curtain railing, NOT SAFE.
Tub height & style.

19
Q

CHANGES TO METHOD OF BATHTUB TRANSFERS

A
19
Q

CHANGES TO THE ENVIRONMENT FOR TUB TRANSFER

A

Grab bars.
Bath seats/tub transfer bench.
Bathmats/adhesive strips.
Hand-held shower heads.
Bath lift.

20
Q

CHANGES TO ENVIRONMENT FOR BATHTUB TRANSFERS

A
20
Q

PRECAUTIONS TO TUB TRANSFERS

A

Ensure client safety.
Do not leave client unattended.
Observe for potential skin problems.
Watch for confusion, fatigue, daily fluctuations in functioning, fall risk.
Clients will use inappropriate hardware.
Increased time required.

21
Q

PRECAUTIONS TO BATHTUB TRANSFERS

A
21
Q

VEHICLE TRANSFERS: CHALLENGES

A

Limited helper space.
Large space between w/c and vehicle seat.
Hemiplegia.

22
Q

CHANGES TO METHOD IN VEHICLE TRANSFERS

A

2 door: front seat.
4 door: front door opening more.

23
Q

CHANGES TO THE ENVIRONMENT FOR VEHICLE TRANSFERS

A

Use of sliding board.
Installing hooks/bars to grab.
Wheelchair lifts.

24
Q

PRECAUTIONS TO VEHICLE TRANSFERS

A

Ensure client safety.
Do not leave client unattended.
Watch for confusion, fall risk.
Monitor grabbing unsafe car parts.
May take longer.
Body mechanics.

25
Q

GROOMING CHALLENGES: PHYSICAL

A

Limited sensory awareness: can’t judge water temp, where limb is.
Perceptual problems: do not recognize function of grooming items.
Limited strength/endurance, ROM, muscle tone: unable to grasp, reach body parts.
Limited postural control: affects stability.
Impaired gross/fine motor.
Impaired oral-motor control.

26
Q

GROOMING CHALLENGES: COGNITIVE

A

No initiation or interest
Unaware of the negative effects
Miss aspects of grooming
Miss steps, not in sequence
Impaired judgment, impaired sequencing
Recognize problems - unable to solve .

27
Q

GROOMING CHALLENGES: AFFECTIVE

A

Giving total assist.
Giving verbal commands.
No interests.

28
Q

PRECAUTIONS TO GROOMING

A

Monitor for discomfort
Monitor balance - bending or standing.
Restrict access to harmful objects
Do not leave unattended, or monitor closely!
Watch for impulsive / unpredictable actions
Give lots of time

29
Q

DRESSING

A

Obtaining clothing.
Dressing and undressing sequencing.
Fastening/adjusting clothing.

30
Q

GUIDELINE FOR INTERVENTION

A

Start instruction early.
Be consistent: do task same way each time.
Undressing is learned before dressing.
Give sufficient time.
Reinforce: effort / acquiring each skill.
Minimize distractions.

31
Q

GUIDELINES TO SELECTING CLOTHING

A

Begin with oversized clothing.
Capes/smocks.
Wear mittens when putting on sleeves.
Mark clothing.
Sew pull loop.
Socks: rub on/off, sew pull loops.
Shoes: loafers, laces, shoe horn.
Velcro.
Buttons bigger.
Zippers, adding string.
Fabrics.

32
Q

DRESSING: COGNITIVE CHALLENGES

A

Client does not select the right clothing.
Client assists with extremities only.
Paces: slower or quicker.
Impaired error recognition, may not ask for help.
Unable for weather or socially.

33
Q

PRECAUTIONS TO DRESSING

A

Skin integrity.
Ensure stability.
Poor standing balance.
Avoid loose shoes or slippers.
Garments selection.
Garment condition.
Client compliance.
Allow time.

34
Q

FEEDING AND EATING

A

Setting up food
Selecting and using appropriate utensils and tableware
Bringing food or drink to mouth
Sucking, masticating, coughing and swallowing
Management of alternative methods of nourishment

35
Q

3 PHASES OF SWALLOWING

A

Oral phase: voluntary, conscious, taste/smell, texture, “Bolus” prepared and propelled towards back of tongue.
Pharyngeal phase: involuntary reflexive, moves bolus into esophagus, “point of no return”.
Esophageal phase: involuntary reflexive, moves bolus into stomach.

36
Q

DYSPHAGIA

A

Difficulty with eating and swallowing.

37
Q

FEEDING/EATING CHALLENGES: PHYSICAL

A

Lack of sensory awareness.
Perceptual problems.
Impaired postural control.
Problems with ROM, endurance, strength.
Impaired gross/fine motor control.
Problem with oral motor control.

38
Q

FEEDING/EATING CHALLENGES: AFFECTIVE

A

No interest.
Demonstrates unacceptable table manners.
Does not follow a balanced diet.
Aversion to foods.

39
Q

PRECAUTIONS TO FEEDING/EATING

A

Watch for choking vs gagging.
Ensure professional staff are close if person requires suctioning
Precut foods for client
Avoid stringy foods
Check food temperature
Watch for spills / safety
Monitor client: potential to overeat if free food access
Client may not eat if food not visible / accessible
Assist with hot liquids
Monitor compliance with diet restrictions

40
Q

SEXUALITY/SEXUAL EXPRESSION

A

An Activity of Daily Living (self-care):
Aging
Decline in activity due to circumstance
Women: menopause
Men: changes

41
Q

DEALING WITH PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS TO SEXUALITY

A

Activity analysis
Endurance
Loss of mobility and contractures
Joint degeneration
Pain
Loss of sensation
[Cognitive and perceptual impairments]
Inadequate vaginal lubrication
Erectile dysfunction

42
Q

SEXUALITY CONCERNS

A

Incontinence
Medications
Isolation
Contraception
Adaptive devices
Pregnancy, delivery, child-care

3c. OCTA 215 FINAL EXAM (2 decks)

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