8. Safety and Protection Systems

Question 1

Whats the ice protections system?

Answer 1

goal to avoid ice acuumulation at certain surfaces and components:
Wing leading edges
engine inlet cowlings
air data probes
cockpit windows
definitions:
anti-icing: prevents ice buildup on the protected surface, either by evaporating the impinging water or by allowing it to run back and freeze on non cruicial areas
de-icing: periodic shedding, either by mechanical or thermal means

Question 2

What type of ice formations are there?

Answer 2

Clear ice: is often clear and smooth. Super cooled water droplets or freezing rain, strike a surface but do not freeze instantly, forming mostly along an aerofoils stagnation point
Rime ice is rough and opague, formed by super-cooled drops rapidly freezing on impact, often horns or protrusions are formed
Mixed ice

Question 3

what are the 2 categories of fire protection systems?

Answer 3

fire detection and indication
fire extinguishing

Question 4

What are some sensors for fire detection?

Answer 4

contiunous loop for superior detection performance and robustness
thermal switch system - close at predetermined temperature
smoke detectors located in lavatories, avionic and electronic bays and cargo baggage compartments
2 types light refration type: photoelectric cell detects light refracted by smoke particles
ionization type: a change in ion density due to smoke in the cabin is monitored and causes an optical and acoustical alarm
Fixed fire extinguishing systems

Question 5

2 types of flight data recorders?

Answer 5

cockpit voice recorder
flight data recorder