8. psychosis

Question 1

is hallucinations-like experiences when you are sleeping considered psychotic-hallucinations?

Answer 1

no.

if it occurs when one is sleeping then it is not a psychotic-symptoms, it is just experiences related to sleep processes

Question 2

schizophreniform

Answer 2

1-6 months

2+ of major symptoms

Question 3

schizophrenia

Answer 3

6mo

2+ of major symptoms

Question 4

delusional disorder

Answer 4

1mo

ONLY delusions

Question 5

brief psychotic disorder

Answer 5

1 day - 1 mo

1+ of major symptoms

Question 6

what is the dopamine hypothesis in psychosis development?

Answer 6

excess dopamine leads to expression of psychosis

Question 7

examples of efffects to neurocognition in schizophrenia

Answer 7

we see deficits in attention and psychomotor speed.

Question 8

examples of social cognition in schizophrenia

Answer 8

people with schizo have deficits in understanding emotional cues and communicative cues (crutial for social cognition)

Question 9

what is the implication to the finding of social cognition deficits in schizophrenia

Answer 9

treatments to schizophrenia can target the social cognition part such that these clients can still remain employed

Question 10

psychological factors in psychosis

Answer 10

• role of family: previous findings said how mothers treat their children can have huge effect but this study is discredited as the role of family in general does so not just mothers
• social: environment where one lives, when one is a part of minority in a high dense are then more risk of developing
• childhood trauma
• stress: see stress vulnerability model
• cognitive: ‘culturally unacceptable interpretation’ which arises from FAULTY KNOWLEDGE OF SELF which led to misattributions of thought (blame it as something OUTSIDER/NOT a part of me, instead of “oh i must be stressed” –> related to early life experience as one might not hv had the opportunity to develop sense of self

Question 11

substance-related factors in psychosis

Answer 11

cannabis and psychosis research on swidish
(Andreason)
- looks at rs between cannabis use prior to 18yo, and later development of schizo
- problem: did not account much what could have happened in between

later followed up by Zammit

• 27 year followup study
• found rs between cannabis use and schizophrenia (with control of other drug use)
• estimate = 13% of cannabis users sample develop schizo

Question 12

relapse rates

Answer 12

up to 80% FEP experience relapse.

Question 13

risk factors for relapse

Answer 13

• substance use

- carer critical comments

Question 14

what are non risk factors for relapse?

Answer 14

• DUI, DUP (duration of untreated illness/psychosis): this is the period between illness and treatment. found that the longer or shorter this period is would not affect relapse
• positive, negative affective symptoms
• age onset
• gender, marital status, education, employment

Question 15

what are non risk factors for relapse?

Answer 15

• DUI, DUP (duration of untreated illness/psychosis): this is the period between illness and treatment. found that the longer or shorter this period is would not affect relapse
• positive, negative affective symptoms
• age onset
• gender, marital status, education, employment

Question 16

best psychosis treatment so far

Answer 16

to date: low-dose pharmacological treatment

dont need hospitalised unless really very very bad then ok la