5. distress Flashcards
4 different lenses of distress
- clinical multidimensional: DAS scale
- clinical unidimensional: Kessler-10
- medical multi: Ridner
- personal multi: Masse
similarities of Kessler-10 and DAS scale
- both has same-ish system, if you score a certain score then you need to seek help.
- both are not a diagnostic tool, just indicators for distress
differences of Kessler-10 and DAS scale
- kessler-10 is mostly about feelings, DAS is mostly about what the person is doing, what they are unable to do, their functioning, etc
- kessler-10 is over a month, DAS is over a week
- kessler only measures 1 dimension (hence unidimensional), DAS measures 3 dimensions (hence multi)
how is Masse approach in understanding distress different from the other 3 (Kessler-10, DAS, and Ridner?
- the approach is NOT like a checklist (if u have these, you have distress).
- it tells u the FRAMEWORK of how people use to understand distress (because people express distress in different ways
- eg: pessimism, self-depreciation, withdrawal
social determinants to distress
- SES
- lack of control (justice, dignity)
- prohibited access to land
- separation from culture identity
- discrimination
how does social determinants to distress relate to distress itself?
social experiences is embedded in distress. it’s not something that grows within in isolation of other things.
explain stress performance curve
distress is divided by 3:
- calm: less stress but NOT performing well
- eustress: performing BEST! develop new strategies
- distress: too stressed and not performing well
2 definitions of wellbeing
- hedonic: pleasure seeking, avoiding pain
- eudemonic: living a good life, contribute to communitu
Self Determination approach to wellbeing
it tells you that people have innate desire for MASTERY
2 theories:
- 3 basic needs: relatedness, competence, autonomy
- intrinsic motivation –> mastery (when you achieve these, it aligns with your value
basically all 3 + relationship (ingroup and outgroup) gives you autonomous motivation, mastery, hence wellbeing
what are the 5 different approaches to wellbeing
- Eudemonic: SDT
- Hedonic: Happiness and affect
- unidimensional: WEMWBS
- H&E multi: PERMA
- indigenous: Balit Murrup
explain the PERMA approach to measure wellbeing
PERMA scale is an approach to measure wellbeing based on:
- Positive emotion
- Engagement
- Relationship
- Meaning
- Accomplishment
2 represent Hedonic WB (Pos emo & engagement)
3 represent Eudemonic WB (Relationshp, meaning, accomplishment)
explain the Balit Murrup philosophy of wellbeing
- it is a community-oriented concept of wellbeing
- wellbeing IS NOT defined by your feelings or emotions but it’s the CONNECTION with life domains (family, spirituals, body, mind, land, ancestors)
- hence, focuses on life domains and not the person’s internal experiences to positive emotions
- problem: hard to quantify and measure: because outcome does not define this, it is the relationship to these aspects that is of interest!
what is the main finding of the research on “gratitude, kindness and wellbeing”
- there are 3 groups: placebo, kindness, gratitude
- kindness group to report their kindness act everyday for 2 weeks, same with gratitude
- found that after 2 weeks kindness group had significant improvement in Hedonic WellBeing (optimism), psychological functioning, and connectedness
- after 2 weeks gratitude group had significant increase in Hedonic WellBeing (satisfaction with life), psychological functioning, and connectedness
- the placebo group only see improvement in psychological functioning
- NO improvement in Eudemonic wellbeing in all groups
how are wellbeing and distress related?
- commonly thought that mental illness and flourishing are opposite ends of scale
- but actually no
- when graphed, correlation is moderate between the 2 (r= 0.6)
- there are people with high wellbeing and also high distress, not explained in the scale
- also, the things that you do to reduce distress do not necessarily help in reducing wellbeing
