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NMT 100 > 8 PRINCIPLES AND 6 PATHOGENIC FACTORS > Flashcards

8 PRINCIPLES AND 6 PATHOGENIC FACTORS Flashcards

1
Q

6 PATHOGENIC FACTORS

A

Wind
Cold
Heat
Dampness
Dryness
Summer Heat

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2
Q

Is wind yin or yang

A

yang

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3
Q

What is this describing?
- Usually used as a source for other factors to enter
- Arises quickly and changes rapidly
- Moves around
- Causes tremors or convulsions, stiffness, paralysis

A

WIND

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4
Q

When Wind invades the muscles and channels:

A

Stiffness, rigidity, contraction of the muscles with sudden onset

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5
Q

When Wind invades the joints:

A

Pain that moves from joint to joint, especially the upper
part of the body

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6
Q

Aversion to cold
Chills
Sneezing
Cough white white discharge
Runny nose with white discharge
Body stiffness and aches
Pulses: maybe Floating, but often no change from normal
Tongue: no change from normal

What is the disease?

A

WIND COLD

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7
Q

Fever
Sneezing
Cough with yellow discharge
Runny nose with yellow mucus
Itchy and/or sore throat
Swollen tonsils, red back of throat
Pulses: maybe superficial, but usually no change
Tongue: no change from normal

What is the disease?

A

WIND HEAT

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8
Q

Tremors, Tics
Itchy – Lung involved as well because of skin
Severe dizziness, vertigo
Severe cases of convulsions, unconsciousness, hemiplegia,
Deviation of mouth/tongue

A

INTERNAL WIND

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9
Q

Injures Yang
Contracts and congeals
Causes clear discharge

A

COLD

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10
Q

Sleepiness
White tongue coating and body discharges
Slow pulse
Craves warmth, aversion to cold, feels cold
Pale complexion
Lack of thirst
Loose stool
Clear and profuse urine – “not heat”
Day or night (any at night too much depending on age)

A

COLD

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11
Q

Severe localized pain improved by heat – Excess or Deficiency ?

A

Excess

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12
Q

Is heat ying or yang in nature?

A

YANG

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13
Q

Blazes upwards
Drying - damages Blood and Yin
May cause bleeding
Potential to generate Wind when severe
Affects the mind

A

HEAT

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14
Q

High fever, desires cold, aversion to heat, heat sensation
Redness - skin, face, eyes & complexion
Thirst
Constipation (complicated) or foul smelling diarrhea; foul smelling discharge
Scanty, dark yellow urine

A

HEAT

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15
Q

Restlessness, irritability
Bleeding symptoms - cough, vomit, nose, gums, urine, stool, skin
Rapid anything – including pulse, breathing rate
Yellow tongue coating (full heat) and other body discharges, red tongue body

A

HEAT

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16
Q

Is dampness excess of yin or yang?

A

Excess of Yin

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17
Q

From damp environments: clothes, living, wading, diet,
lack of movement
Sticky and difficult to get rid of
HEAVY & SLOW

A

DAMPNESS

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18
Q

Anything swollen and/or oozing
No appetite, bloating, made worse with food
Cloudiness of discharges
Pulses: Slippery
Tongue: Sticky coat and/or fat, swollen tongue

A

DAMPNESS

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19
Q

All symptoms are DRY
Internal dryness is a form of Yin deficiency without heat signs
or symptoms
Can result from Heat too

A

DRYNESS

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20
Q

Is summer heat yin or yang in nature?

A

Yang in nature

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21
Q

Only in the “summer”
Like a heat stroke
Combo of Heat and Damp
Usually only encounter in 1st aid situation

A

Summer heat

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22
Q

Aversion to heat
Sweating/ no
Headache
Scanty dark urine
Dry lips
Feeling of heaviness

A

Summer heat

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23
Q

Irritability
Thirst, no thirst if severe
Pulses: Rapid
Tongue: Red on the sides and
tip
May see delirium, slurred
speech and unconsciousness

A

Summer Heat

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24
Q

THE EIGHT PRINCIPLES

A

Exterior and Interior
Heat and Cold
Excess and Deficiency
Yin and Yang

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25
Q

comprises the skin, muscles and channels

A

exterior

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26
Q

Exterior patterns include

A

aversion to cold, ‘fever’, aching body,
stiff neck and a floating pulse

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27
Q

Space between skin and muscles where Wei Qi and sweat and located and first invaded by external pathogenic factors

A

Exterior

28
Q

When the Internal Organs are affected

May have arisen from an exterior pathogenic factor, but once the disease penetrates into the Interior, it is defined as the Interior

A

INTERIOR

29
Q

Face: bright white
Pain: Sharp,worse on pressure
Bowels: better after bowel movement
Pulse: Full-Tight-Deep
Tongue: Thick white coating

A

Full-Cold

30
Q

Face: dull white
Pain: dull, better on pressure
Bowels: worse after bowel movement
Pulse: weak-slow-Deep
Tongue: thin white coating

A

empty-cold

31
Q

Characterized by the presence of a pathogenic factor while
Upright Qi is relatively intact and actively fighting against the
pathogenic factor

A

excess

32
Q

Pain worse with pressure
Pain that is acute in onset
Irritability, restlessness
Strong voice

A

excess

33
Q

Characterized by Emptiness of the Upright Qi and the absence of a
pathogenic factor

A

deficiency

34
Q

Pale face, weak voice, slight sweating, slight shortness of breath,
fatigue, loose stools, poor appetite

A

Empty Qi:

35
Q

Bright pale face, cold limbs, absence of thirst, desire for hot
drinks, frequent pale urination

A

Empty Yang

36
Q

Heat in the afternoon, dry throat at night, night sweats

A

Empty Yin

37
Q

Dull-pale face, pale lips, dry hair, blurred vision, tiredness,
poor memory, insomnia, scanty periods

A

Empty Blood

38
Q

CAUSES OF DISEASE

A

Disease can be caused by external factors or internal factors

39
Q

thought of as pathogens that attack the body from the outside.

A

External factors

40
Q

are often from stress and emotional “problems” that can
damage individual organ systems, and from organ impairment which leads
to lack of functioning.

A

Internal factors

41
Q

__________ can be caused by diet, drugs, alcohol, medication,
overwork, emotional factors or external pathogens that penetrate into the
interior and begin to damage organ systems

A

Organ impairment

42
Q

empty heat is yin or yang deficient?

A

yin deficient

43
Q

full heat is

A

yang excess

44
Q

full-cold

A

yin excess

45
Q

empty-cold

A

yang deficient

46
Q

The eight principles of pattern differentiation

A

is it exterior or interior?
heat or cold?
excess or deficient?
yin or yang?

helps us hone in on a specific diagnosis

47
Q

the skin, muscles and channels are

A

exterior
could say the space between the

48
Q

simultaneous fever and chills (heat effusion or aversion to cold/wind), stiff neck, body ache, joint pain, headache and floating pulse would be internal or external?

A

external pattern

49
Q

the result of either an invasion of yang (excess) or an insufficiency of yin (deficient)

A

heat patterns

50
Q

red: red face, red eyes, red joints, reddish urine (dark), red tongue body

A

heat pattern

51
Q

yellow: yellow phlegm, yellow discharge, yellow tongue coating

A

heat pattern

52
Q

fever, sensation of heat, desire for cold drinks

A
53
Q

irritability, restlessness, rapid head

A

heat patterns

54
Q

invasion of a yin evil (excess) or an insufficiency of yang qi (deficient)

A

cold patterns

55
Q

pale face, blue lips, clear urine, pale tongue

A

cold patterns - not enough heat to warm

56
Q

white: white phlegm, white discharge, white tongue coating
- thin and copious

A

cold patterns

57
Q

copious urination, watery diarrhea

A

cold patterns

58
Q

replete or full

A

excess

59
Q

vacuous or empty

A

deficiency

60
Q

pain worse with pressure

A

excess pattern
- there is already too much of something

61
Q

pain better with pressure

A

deficiency pattern

62
Q

chronic conditions

A

deficiency

63
Q

exterior, heat and excess

A

yang

64
Q

interior, cold and deficient

A

yin

65
Q
A

NMT 100 (11 decks)

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