8. Managing Cisco Devices Flashcards
What is the default value of the Configuration Register?
0x2102
15 - 0
0010 0001 0000 0010
- bit 13 - Boot default ROM software if network boot fails
- bit 8 - Break disabled
- bit 1 - Boot commands specified in NVRAM
What values are used in the Boot field of the Configuration Register?
Bits 0-3
0 - ROM monitor mode
1 - Boot image from ROM
2-F - Use boot commands specified in NVRAM
What configuration register value will ignore NVRAM contents on startup?
0x2142
0010 0001 0100 0010
Bit 6 - Ignore NVRAM contents
0xA102
1010 0001 0000 0010
Bit 15 - Enable diagnostic messages and ignore NVRAM contents
What command is used to set the configuration register in normal operation mode?
sw(config)#config-register 0x2142
A Cisco device will by default load the first IOS image found in flash,
what command can be used to specify which file to use?
sw(config)#boot system flash filename.bin
A Cisco device will by default load the IOS from flash,
what other sources could be used?
FTP
TFTP
ROM
MOP
RCP
What is the usual fallback system for loading IOS?
TFTP
sw(config)#system boot tftp a.b.c.d filename.bin**
sw# show run | include boot system
What are the command steps to recovery a device without the password?
- 1 Interrupt the boot sequence with Ctrl+Break or Ctrl+Shift+6, then b, this will power up into ROM monitor
- 2 Change the configuration register to ignore NVRAM contents
rommon#confreg 0x2142 - 3 Reload the device
rommon#reset
rommon#I (i on older devices) - 4 Say no to setup mode, enter privileged mode
- 5 sw#copy start run and enable interfaces if needed straight away
- 6 Change password
sw(config)#enable secret passwd - 7 Reset configuration register
sw(config)#config-register 0x2102 - 8 Save the configuration
sw(config)#copy run start - 9 Reload device (optional)
sw#reload
What things must you check before attempting a TFTP transfer between a router/switch and a workstation?
- TFTP server software is running on remote machine
- The ethernet connection between the router and workstation must be made with a crossover cable
- The workstation must be on the same subnet as the routers ethernet interface
- The copy flash tftp command must be supplied the IP address of the workstation if you are copying from the router flash
- If you are copying into flash, you need to verify there’s enough room in flash memory to accommodate the file to be copied
What’s command is used to verify flash memory?
sw#show flash
sw#show version
- Shows RAM/flash in the output
Main difference is that:
- show flash displays all files in flash
- show version displays the system image that is running the device and the location it was loaded from (normally flash)
Probably outside scope of CCNA
What steps are needed to reflash a device over TFTP from ROM monitor?
rommon 1>tftpdnld
rommon 2>set IP_Address:1.1.1.1
rommon 3>set IP_SUBNET_MASK:255.0.0.0
rommon 4>set DEFAULT_GATEWAY:1.1.1.2
rommon 5>set TFTP_SERVER:1.1.1.2
rommon 6>set TFTP_FILE: flash:filename.bin
rommon 7>tftpdnld
You can turn a connected device into an TFTP service with the command:
rt(config)#tftp-server flash:filename.bin
Probably outside scope of CCNA
What is one way to restore a remote device with no network connectivity?
Xmodem protocol through the console port
(I assume this is through a telephone line??)
List the main Cisco IFS commands
- pwd
- cd
- dir
- copy
- more
- show file
- delete Doesn’t always free up the space it was using, have to use the squeeze command as well
- erase/format Use with care, may ask if you want to erase the whole file system! Say no
- mkdir/rmdir
What IOS version introduced the new licensing features?
15.0
How is a software package differently in the new licensing model?
- Software releases are now packaged as a universal image, (meaning all feature sets are available in one file)
- This allows you to unlock (with a license) individual features
- All routers come with IP Base Licensing which is the prerequisite for installing all other features
Additional features include:
Data: MPLS, ATM and multi protocol support.
Unified Communications: VoIP and IP Telephony
Security: Cisco IOS Firewall, IPS, IPSec, 3DES and VPN
What is a UDI?
The Unique Device Identifier is a combination of product ID (PID) and the device serial number
It can be displayed with the command
sw#show license udi
What is a RTU license?
A Right To Use license is a 60 day evaluation license that allows users to test features before purchasing a license
What is the process to purchase a feature license?
You can purchase a license from:
- CLM (Cisco License Manager) which is an automated process typically used by larger companies as it requires running additional software or
- manually through the website Cisco Product License Registration Portal and CLI
What is the process to install a feature license?
CLM
- This will be done automatically
Cisco Product License Registration Portal
- you will receive a PAK (product authorisation key), this needs to be combined with the UID online to create a licence file
- copy the new license file to the device flash via USB or TFTP
- execute the command
sw#license install flash:license.lic
What command is used to activate a Right To Use license?
rt(config)#license boot module c2900 technology-package securityk9
What commands can be used to view license information?
For full details use:
sw#show license
For summarised information use:
sw#show license feature
Some license information is included in:
sw#show version
What command is used to backup a license file?
rt#license save flash:MyLicense.lic
What commands are used to uninstall a license?
- Disable the technology package
rt#license boot module module-name technology-package package-name disable
rt#license boot module c2900 technology-package datak9 disable - Clear the license file
rt#license clear feature-name
rt#license clear datak9
