Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

N507 Exam 1 > (8) Lungs > Flashcards

(8) Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

Vesicular breath sounds

A

soft and low pitched
usually heard over most of both lungs
inspiratory > expiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bronchial breath sounds

A

louder and higher in pitch
usually heard over the manubrium
inspiratory < expiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bronchovesicular breath sounds

A

intermediate intensity and pitch
usually heard over the 1st and 2nd interpsaces
expiratory = inspiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normal breath sounds

A

Vesicular
Bronchial
Bronchovesicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Test chest expansion

A

place thumbs @ level of 10th rib w/ fingers loosely grasping and parallel to the lateral rib cage
watch the distance between the thumbs as they move apart during inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Percussion techniques

A
  • perform side to side to assess asymmetry
  • strike using tip of tapping finger
  • use lightest percussion that produces clear note
  • helps establish whether underlying tissues (5-7cm deep) are air-filled, fluid-filled, or solid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

percussion notes

A 
flatness
dullness
resonance
hyperresonance
tympany
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which breath sound is auscultated over the majority of both lungs?

A

Vesicular

(Bronchial - over manubrium)

(Bronchvesicular - over 1st & 2nd interspaces)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

aspiration pneumonia is more common where in lung?

A

right middle and lower lobe b/c right main bronchus is more vertical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pleural effusion - transudate - abnormal dx?

A

heart failure
cirrhosis
nephrotic syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pleural effusion - exudate - abnormal dx?

A 
pneumonia
malignancy
PE
TB
pancreatitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

irritation of parietal pleura: pleuritic pain w/ deep inspiration - abnormal dx?

A 
viral pleurisy
pneumonia
pulmonary embolism
pericarditis
collagen vascular disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Respiratory: common or concerning symptoms

A 
chest pain
shortness of breath (dyspnea)
wheezing
cough
hemoptysis
daytime sleepiness, snoring, disordered sleep
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

myocardium chest pain - abnormal dx?

A

angina pectoris
MI
myocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pericardium chest pain - abnormal dx?

A

pericarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

aorta chest pain - abnormal dx?

A

aortic dissection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

trachea/large bronchi chest pain - abnormal dx?

A

bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

parietal pleura chest pain - abnormal dx?

A 
pericarditis
pneumonia
pneumothorax
pleural effusion
pulmonary embolus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

chest wall (MS/neuro) chest pain - abnormal dx?

A

costochondritis

herpes zoster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

esophagus chest pain - abnormal dx?

A

GERD
esophageal spasm
esophageal tear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

extra thoracic structures (neck, gallbladder, stomach) chest pain - abnormal dx?

A

cervical arthritis
biliary colic
gastritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

acute cough (<3 wks)m- abnormal dx?

A 
viral URI
actue bronchites
pneumonia
left sided heart failure
asthma
smoking
foreign body
ACE-I
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

sub-acute cough (3-8wks) - abnormal dx?

A 
post infectious cough
pertussis
acid reflux
bacterial sinusitis
asthma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

chronic cough (>8 wks) - abnormal dx?

A 
postnasal drip
asthma
GERD
chronic bronchitis
bronchiectasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
mucoid sputum - abnormal dx?
(translucent, white/gray) viral CF (thick, tenacious sputum)
26
purulent sputum - abnormal dx?
(yellow/green) bacterial pneumonia bronchiectasis lung abscess
27
foul smelling sputum - abnormal dx?
anaerobic lung abscess
28
hemoptysis - abnormal dx?
``` bronchitis malignancy CF bronchiectasis mitral stenosis Goodpasture syndrome Wegener granulomatosis ```
29
models to assess readiness to quit smoking
``` 5As Ask Advise Assess willingness Assist Arrange follow up ``` ``` Stages of Change Model Precontemplation (don't want to quit) Contemplation (concerned but not ready) Preparation (ready) Action (just quit) Maintenance (>6 mnths) ```
30
positioning for thorax exam
posterior - sitting | anterior - supine
31
tachypnea - abnormal dx?
pneumonia | cardiac disease
32
pallor and sweating - abnormal dx?
heart failure
33
nail clubbing - abnormal dx?
``` bronchiectasis congenital heart disease pulmonary fibrosis cystic fibrosis lung abscess malignancy ```
34
lateral displacement of trachea - abnormal dx?
pneumothorax pleural effusion actelectasis
35
AP to lateral chest ratio > 0.9 - abnormal dx?
COPD | normal 0.7-0.9
36
asymmetric expansion - abnormal dx?
large pleural effusions
37
abnormal posterior chest retraction - abnormal dx?
severa asthma COPD upper airway obstruction
38
impaired respiratory movement on one side (unilateral lag) - abnormal dx?
pleural disease from asbestosis or silicosis | phrenic nerve damage or trauma
39
intercostal tenderness - abnormal dx?
inflamed pleurae | costal cartilage tenderness in costochondritis
40
crepitus and chest wall edema - abnormal dx?
mediastinitis
41
unilateral decrease or delay in chest expansion - abnormal dx?
``` chronic fibrosis of underlying lung to pleura pleural effusion lobar pneumonia pleural pain associated w/ splinting unilateral bronchial obstruction paralysis of the hemidiaphragm ```
42
decreased fremitus - abnormal dx?
``` (occurs when voice is higher pitched or soft or when transmission of vibrations from larynx to surface of chest is impeded by a thick chest wall) obstructed bronchus COPD pleural effusion fibrosis air (pneumothorax) infiltrating tumor ```
43
what is fremitus
palpable vibrations that are transmitted through the bronchopulmonary tree to the chest wall as the patient is speaking and is normal symmetric typically more prominent in inter scapular area than lower lung fields use ball or ulcer surface of hand to assess, have pt say 99 or 1,1,1
44
lung percussion: dullness replaces resonance - abnormal dx?
occurs when fluid or solid tissue replaces air-containing lung or occupies l=pleural space ``` lobar pneumonia pleurale fusion hemothorax empyema fibrous tissue tumor ```
45
lung percussion: hyper resonance - abnormal dx?
asthma unilateral - large pneumothorax or air filled bulla
46
lung percussion: change from resonant to dull represents?
level of diaphragm
47
high diaphragmatic level - abnormal dx?
pleural effusion atelectasis phrenic nerve paralysis (normal diaphragmatic excursion is 3-5.5cm)
48
percussion notes w/ examples
``` flat - thigh dull - liver resonant - healthy lung hyper-resonant - usually none tympanitic - gastric air bubble of puffed out cheek ```
49
decreased breath sounds - abnormal dx?
COPD pleural effusion pneumothorax respiratory muscle weakness
50
tracheal breath sounds
inspiratory = expiratory loud and relatively high over the trachea in the neck
51
Crackles
``` (rales) discontinuous intermittent, nonmusical, brief like dots in time fine: soft, high pitched, very brief coarse: somewhat louder, lower in pitch, brief ```
52
Wheezes & Rhonchi
continuous sinusoidal, musical, prolonged like dashes in time wheezes: high pitched w/ hissing/shrill quality rhonchi: low pitched, snoring quality (may describe sounds from secretions in large airways that may change with coughing)
53
crackles - abnormal dx?
``` abnormalities of lung parenchyma pneumonia interstitial lung disease pulmonary fibrosis atelectasis heart failure (posterior inferior lung) ``` abnormalities of airways bronchitis bronchiectasis
54
wheezes - abnormal dx?
asthma COPD bronchitis
55
fine late inspiratory crackles - abnormal dx?
abnormal lung tissue
56
clearing of crackles, wheezes, rhonchi after coughing or position change - abnormal dx?
inspissated secretions: bronchitis or atelectasis
57
silent chest, air flow minimal - abnormal dx?
severe asthma
58
pleural rub - abnormal dx?
pneumonia pleurisy pulmonary embolism
59
increased transmission of voice sounds - abnormal dx?
embedded airways are blocked by inflammation or secretion
60
Egophony
pt says "ee" normaly hear muffled long E sound -if sounds like A egophony is present
61
Bronchophony
askant to say 99 - normally sounds transmitted through chest wall are muffled and indistinct (louder voice sounds are called bronchophony) abnormal: pneumonia
62
anterior chest retraction - abnormal dx?
severe asthma COPD upper airway obstruction lag occurs in underlying disease of lung or pleura
63
tender pectoral muscle - abnormal dx?
localized musculoskeletal origin (doesn't prove but suggests)

N507 Exam 1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions