8 - FEMORAL & HIP MS SYNDROMES

Question 1

Movement impairment syndromes description

Answer 1

MOVEMENT IMPAIRMENT SYNDROMES
- Describe recurrent patterns of muscle overuse, underuse or misuse leading to joint stress a dysfunction
- Each syndrome includes characteristics movement habits, muscle imbalance & corresponding clinical signs

Question 2

Femoral anterior glide syndrome:
- description
- key characteristics
- contributing factors
- exam findings
- treatment

Answer 2

Description
Femur moves too far forward in acetabulum during hip flexion.

Key Characteristics
- Limited posterior glide
- Increased anterior hip pain.

Contributing Factors
- Weak posterior hip muscles (glute max)
- Tight hip flexors.

Exam Findings
- Positive Thomas test
- Altered hip joint centration during squats or leg lifts

Treatment
- Strengthen posterior chain
- Inhibit anterior structures
- Train controlled hip flexion

Question 3

Femoral anterior glide with medial rotation syndrome:
- symptoms
- patterns
- imbalances
- correctives

Answer 3

Symptoms
- Hip pain during functional movement
- Excessive internal rotation

Patterns
- Increased medial rotation during gait
- Single-leg stance

Imbalances
- Weak gluteus medius & lateral rotators
- Dominant TFL

Correctives
- External rotator strengthening
- Alignment training
- Proprioceptive work

Question 4

Femoral medial rotation syndrome:
- definition
- contributors
- tests
- rehab

Answer 4

Definition
Excessive medial rotation at femoral joint with static/dynamic movement.

Contributors
- Structural (femoral anteversion)
- Functional (hip rotator weakness)

Tests
- Single-leg stance
- Gait analysis
- Resisted ER test

Rehab
- Promote neutral alignment
- Correct movement mechanics
- Build lateral hip strength

Question 5

Hip adduction with medial rotation syndrome:
- features
- risk factors
- presentation
- exercises

Answer 5

Features
Adduction coupled with medial femoral rotation, often unilateral.

Risk Factors
- Overuse of adductors/TFL
- Gluteal inhibition

Presentation
- Pelvic drop
- Hip/knee valgus
- Low back pain

Exercises
- Lateral stabilization
- Single-leg control drills
- Deep hip rotator activation

Question 6

Hip extension with knee extension syndrome:
- movement fault
- muscle patterns
- clues
- intervention

Answer 6

Movement Fault
- Hip extension excessively coupled with knee extension

Muscle Patterns
- Overactive hamstrings, underactive glutes

Clues
- Early hamstring activation in prone hip extension
- Lumbar extension

Intervention
- Isolate glute max activation
- Break movement coupling

Question 7

Hip lateral rotation syndrome:
- causes
- effects
- signs
- correction

Answer 7

Cause
- Dominance of hip external rotators (e.g., piriformis)

Effects
- Excessive ER in standing/walking
- Posterior hip pain

Signs
- External foot progression
- Asymmetric loading

Correction
- Normalize ER
- Strengthen internal rotators
- Postural retraining

Question 8

General examination & treatment guidelines:
- observation
- testing
- manual correction
- reeducation

Answer 8

Observation
- Standing
- Gait
- Squats
- Single-leg activities

Testing
- Muscle length (e.g., Ober, Thomas)
- Manual resistance
- Palpation

Manual Correction
Use to cue & guide movement pattern changes

Reeducation
- Low-load, high-rep movement retraining
- Precise alignment cues