8. Cognitive Approach To Treating Depression

Question 1

What is the most commonly used psychological treatment for depression?

Answer 1

Cognitive behavioural therapy

Question 2

What is the first stage of CBT?

Answer 2

An assessment with the therapist to understand the patient’s problems

Question 3

What do the patient and therapist do together in CBT?

Answer 3

What do the patient and therapist do together in CBT?

Question 4

What is one of the central tasks in CBT?

Answer 4

Finding and challenging irrational thoughts

Question 5

What do most CBT therapists draw on?

Answer 5

Both Beck and Ellis’ theories

Question 6

What is the main aim of Beck’s cognitive therapy?

Answer 6

To identify and challenge the negative triad

Question 7

Other than challenging the negative triad, what is the other aim of Beck’s cognitive therapy?

Answer 7

To test the reality of the patient’s negative claims

Question 8

What does REBT stand for?

Answer 8

Rational emotive behaviour therapy

Question 9

What does REBT extend?

Answer 9

Ellis’ ABC model

Question 10

What is the ABC model extended to in REBT?

Answer 10

ABCDE model

Question 11

What do the D and E stand for in the ABCDE model?

Answer 11

Dispute, effect

Question 12

What will a therapist in REBT do to challenge a patient’s beliefs?

Answer 12

Have a vigorous argument to change an irrational belief

Question 13

What is an empirical argument?

Answer 13

Disputing evidence for negative beliefs

Question 14

What is behavioural activation?

Answer 14

Encouraging a depressed patient to be more active

Question 15

Who studied the effects of CBT, antidepressants and a mixture of both?

Answer 15

March et al (2007)

Question 16

How many adolescents were included in March et Al’s research?

Answer 16

327

Question 17

Which group in March et Al’s study had experienced the most improvement with their depression?

Answer 17

CBT and antidepressants

Question 18

What percentage of the CBT and antidepressants group in March’s study had experienced significant improvement in their depression?

Answer 18

86%

Question 19

What percentage of the CBT group in March’s study had experienced significant improvement in their depression?

Answer 19

81%

Question 20

What percentage of the antidepressants group in March’s study had experienced significant improvement in their depression?

Answer 20

81%

Question 21

Why is CBT not effective in the most severe cases of depression?

Answer 21

Patients cannot motivate themselves enough to engage or stay focussed

Question 22

What can be used as an alternative to CBT?

Answer 22

Antidepressants

Question 23

What did Rosenzweig suggest in 1936 about different methods of psychotherapy?

Answer 23

Differences may only be small, as the relationship with the therapist is likely to determine success or failure

Question 24

What did Luborsky et al find in 2002?

Answer 24

The opportunity to discuss feelings is what matters most, not technique

Question 25

What can patients find frustrating about CBT?

Answer 25

There is little focus on the past, mainly focussing on the present and future instead

Question 26

What did McCusker argue in 2014 is a limitation of CBT?

Answer 26

It may minimise the importance of the circumstances in which the patient is living

Question 27

What can happen if CBT techniques are used inappropriately?

Answer 27

It can demotivate people to change their situation

Question 28

Why is the client taught different types of disputing in REBT?

Answer 28

Theyre different ways to challenge irrational thoughts

Question 29

What are the three types of disputing in REBT?

Answer 29

• Logical disputing (does this way of thinking make sense)
• Empirical disputing (where is the proof that this belief is accurate)
• Pragmatic disputing (how is this belief likely to help me)

Question 30

Why does the therapist give the client unconditional positive regard?

Answer 30

to facilitate a change in the client’s irrational belief system