8. Climate Change Society Flashcards
_____ trap the energy from the sun
naturally occurring greenhouse gasess
average global temperature
15 degrees celsius
Natural process of warming the troposphere and hence the earth surface. For this reason, it is technically called the tropospheric heating effect
Greenhouse effect
defined as an enhanced greenhouse effect, i.e. natural warming gets enhanced and in effect raise average global temperature of the atmosphere by _____
Global Warming
0.6-0.9 degrees
Global warming is primarily due to increased ___ and other greenhouse gases input
CO2
atmospheric conditions that occur locally over short period of time
Weather
long term, regional or even global average temperature, humidity, and rainfall patterns over seasons, years or decades
Climate
8 evidences of climate change:
- CO2 in the troposhere is higher than in the past 420,000 years
- 75% of anthropogenic CO2 comes from fossil fuel burning
- 20th century is the hottest in the past 1000 years
- Average global temperature risen by 0.6 + 0.2 degrees C
- Melting of land-based ice caps
- shrinking of some glaciers
- average global sea level rise
- early spring arrival and later autumn frosts
Effects of a warmer earth on water distribution
- anomalies in precipitation occurred in the past decades
- expansion of deserts and growing drought
Effects of a warmer earth on biodiversity
- shift in climate belts could affect makeup and location of forests
- change in structure and location of habitants
- threat in wildlife reserves
Effects of a warmer earth on ocean currents and sea levels
- change in ocean currents
- melting of ice caps lead to global sea level rose by 9-88 cm during the 21st century
nations considered to be the most vulnerable in terms of climate change and sea level rise
Pacific Island Nations
Effects of a warmer earth on weather
- prolonged heat waves and drought
- increased flooding due to heavy and prolong precipitation
Effects of a warmer earth on human health
- increase in death and illness, especially the poor and elderly
- increase in tropical diseases
Global approach to the threat of climate change
- Montreal Protocol
- UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
- Kyoto Protocol
- Paris Agreement
Approved in 1987; global agreement to protect the stratosphere ozone layer by phasing out production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances such as CFCs
Montreal Protocol
The Montreal Protocol is an agreement to protect the _______
stratospheric ozone layer
The Montreal Protocol is an agreement to protect the stratospheric ozone layer by
phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS)
“Scientific uncertainty should not be used to avoid precautionary action” and “Industrialized nations must lead in decreasing the rate and degree of global warming” these are the principles of?
UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change is approved by ___ nations
106
- Requiring 38 developed nations to cut greenhouse emissions to an average of 5.2%
- not require developing nations to cut greenhouse emission until treaty is revised
- allow emmision trading
Kyoto Protocol
Defined by UNCC as “missions trading, as set out in Aarticle 17 of the Kyoto Protocol, allows countries that have emission units to spare- emissions permitted them but not “used” to sell this excess capacity to countries that are over their targets”
Emission Trading
180 nations must: a.) determine, plan, and regularly report for global warming mitigation b.) but no specific deadlines
Paris Agreement
Highlights of this Agreement:
a.) withdrawal by Trump in june 2017 (but effective only in 2020)
b.) Reduction in greenhouse gas emission by Netherlands up to 95%
Paris Agreement
As compliance to the Paris Agreement, Netherlands reduced their gas emission by
95%
Technology that nvolves capture,
utilization, and storage of
carbon emissions (~90%)
from power plants and
industrial facilities
Carbon capture technology
SDG #___ -Sustainable Cities and Communities
11
the UN framework convention on climate change summit location
Rio de Janeiro
UNFCCC: Approved by ____ nations
106
The UNFCCC is (achieved/unachieved)?
unachieved
the kyoto protocol is participated by ___ nations
161
The Kyoto protocol requires ___ developed nations to cut greenhouse emissions
38
The Kyoto protocol requires 38 developed nations to cut greenhouse emissions to an average of
5.2%
which country withdrew from the Kyoto Protocol
Canada
