8. Agro industry - Poland and Ukraine

Question 1

What is EU Solidarity Lanes

Answer 1

EU initiative to help Ukraine export grain through alternative routes during the Black Sea blockade.

Question 2

What is agro-industry?

Answer 2

Industries connected to farming, processing, and services supporting agriculture.

Question 2

What is a postive for agro-industry?

Answer 2

• Reduces poverty and improves food security for rural populations
• 8.6 million in workforce (4,2% of EU workforce)
• Contributes €215.5 billion (1.4% of EU)

Question 3

What are Challenges for agro-industry?

Answer 3

• Food security for a growing population.
• Climate change impacts (e.g., reduced crop yields).
• Global food system pressures from conflicts (wars) and extreme weather.

Question 4

What is dependent export-led growth, and which country has it?

Answer 4

An economy that relies on exports, often controlled by foreign companies, for growth. And it is Poland

Question 5

What happened in Polands shock therapy?

Answer 5

• Prices were freed (no government control).
• State-owned companies were sold to private owners.
• Currency value dropped (making exports cheaper).
• Labor rules changed, giving more power to employers

Question 6

What is Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)?

Answer 6

EU’s farming support system, ensuring farmer income and sustainable agriculture.
- A negative is that 80% of funds go to 20% of farmers

Question 7

What is Differentiated Integration (DI)

Answer 7

Flexible EU policies allowing states to opt out of certain rules based on national interests.

Question 8

What are Poland’s main agricultural products?

Answer 8

Poultry, apples, potatoes, pork, and dairy.

Question 9

What is the role of agriculture in Ukraine’s economy?

Answer 9

• 10% of GDP.
• 40% of exports (mainly cereals and oilseeds).