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D2 Fall - Endodontics > 8/27: Biology & Histology of Pulp and PA Tissues > Flashcards

8/27: Biology & Histology of Pulp and PA Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

This is a central mass of a tooth consisting of soft tissues that is densely innervated by afferent (sensory) fibers

A

Pulpal organs

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2
Q

What are the characteristic cells of the pulp?

A

Odontoblasts

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3
Q

What are the most common/prevalent cell types in pulp?

A

Fibroblasts

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4
Q

What is the primary function of odontoblasts?

A

Create dentin

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5
Q

What are the primary functions of ameloblasts?

A

Enamel

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6
Q

What are the secondary functions of pulp?

A

Supportive
Protection
Sensation
Defense
Repair

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7
Q

Where do the main nerves lie in the tooth?

A

Pulp chamber

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8
Q

Where do fibroblasts arise from what?

A

Undifferentiated ectomesenchymal cells

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9
Q

What is the most prevalent cell in the pulp organ?

A

Fibroblasts

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10
Q

Fibroblasts elaborate what fibers?

A

Type 1 and 3 collagen fibers

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11
Q

Fibroblasts are utilized in what kind of healing?

A

Wound

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12
Q

Fibroblasts elaborate collagen fibers from what?

A

Ground substance

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13
Q

What is the basic cell in all connective tissue?

A

Fibroblasts

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14
Q

Fibroblasts are important in what?

A

Pulpal regeneration

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15
Q

This is responsible for dentinogenesis and important in amelogenesis

A

Odontoblasts

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16
Q

What do odontoblasts produce that can become mineralized?

A

Collagen fiber
Proteoglycan matrix

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17
Q

Odontoblastic processes extend into what?

A

Tubules

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18
Q

What are the primary sensory innervations of the maxillary and mandibular pulp?

A

Trigeminal nerve (V2 and V3)

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19
Q

In Addition to the trigeminal nerve, can you get innervation from?

A

Mylohyoid nerve
Cervical spinal nerve (C2 and C3)

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20
Q

What is the importance of known pulp innervation?

A

IA block alone may provide insufficient anesthesia

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21
Q

Dental pulp is supplied by what axons?

A

Myelinated and unmyelinated nerve axons

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22
Q

Myelinated A fibers are classified according to what?

A

Diameter
Velocity of conduction and function

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23
Q

What is the size and velocity of A alpha fibers?

A

12-20 microns, 70-120 m/sec

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24
Q

What is the size and velocity of A beta fibers?

A

5-12 microns, 30-70 m/sec

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25
Q

What is the size and velocity of A gamma fibers?

A

3-6 microns, 15-30 m/sec

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26
Q

What are the fastest conducting myelinated A fibers?

A

A delta fibers

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27
Q

What is the diameter and speed of A delta fibers?

A

1-5 microns, 6-30 m/sesc

28
Q

What are the dull pain fibers?

A

Unmyelinated C fibers

29
Q

What is the size and diameter of C fibers?

A

0.4-1 microns, .5-2.0 m/sec

30
Q

These fibers have relatively low stipulation threshold, quicker response, pain characteristics: sharp, pricking

A

A fibers

31
Q

These fibers are relatively high stimulation threshold, slow onset (late), dull, aching and more diffuse less bearable pain

A

C fibers

32
Q

These are associated with early sharp pain maybe RP

A

A fibers

33
Q

Acute =

A

A fibers

34
Q

These are associated with dull, diffuse pulpal pain IP

A

C fibers

35
Q

Chronic =

A

C fibers

36
Q

These fibers are located within

A

C fibers

37
Q

What are the most common causes of portal access?

A

caries/leaking restoration

38
Q

The central goal of RCT obturation is to

A

Seal ALL portal of access

39
Q

Most operative procedure are accompanied by significant opportunity for what

A

Iatrogenic and irreversible damage to the pulp

40
Q

Why is it important to use water when drilling?

A

Stops the pulp from getting too hot and destroying itself

41
Q

If you do not use water, what will happen to the pulp?

A

Pulp necrosis

42
Q

What temperature do you get pulp necrosis?

A

10 C (check this not sure)

43
Q

What are examples of mechanical irritants?

A

Excessive air drying (aspiration)
Application of desiccants
Pulp exposure
Polishing
Use of laser

44
Q

This is deposited over time in the immediate area of injury of fibroblasts

A

Tertiary dentin

45
Q

When 3rd dentin is deposited, what happens to the pulp?

A

General form of pulp is altered

46
Q

Odontoblast-like cells are known as

A

Fibroblasts

47
Q

Tertiary dentin is layered by what cells?

A

Fibroblasts

48
Q

Falls and sport accidents are examples of what kind of trauma?

A

External traumas

49
Q

Para-normal habits (bruxism) are examples of what kind of trauma?

A

Internal traumas

50
Q

This is application of any irritating or toxic element to the pulp or dentinal tubules that may cause pulpal injury

A

Chemical irritants

51
Q

What are examples of chemical irritants?

A

Direct or indirect pulp cap (CaOH)
Disinfecting agents
Acidic preparation
Composites

52
Q

What theory describes “anything that causes movement of the fluid within the dentinal tubules causes pain in the pulp

A

Branstromm’s hydrodynamic theory

53
Q

What are the common etiologies of pulp irritation?

A

Microbiological
Mechanical
Chemical
Trauma

54
Q

The pulp is amazingly resilient if covered by how much dentin?

A

0.5mm

55
Q

Many of the etiologies of pulpal damage are

A

Iatrogenic

56
Q

A pulp polyp is known as

A

Hyperplastic pulpitis

57
Q

Does a pulp polyp hurt? Can it heal?

A

No and no

58
Q

As the dental pulp ages, what happens to the pulp?

A

Gets reduced by secondary dentin

59
Q

This is a combination of 2nd and tertiary dentin formation in response to extensive and chronic injuries before the pulp became necrotic

A

Calcific metamorphosis

60
Q

In calcific metamorphosis, is there deposition?

A

no , unless the pulp is vital

61
Q

In calcific metamorphosis, is the canal negotiable by normal means?

A

No

62
Q

What is the #1 cause of pulpal injury?

A

Microbiological

63
Q

The #1 threat to health of dental pulps are

A

Dental caries

64
Q

All cracks or fractures of teeth are full of what?

A

Bacteria

65
Q

The function of odontoblasts is to create

A

Tooth

66
Q

Primary dentin is deposited when?

A

Development of the root

D2 Fall - Endodontics (7 decks)

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