8/27: Biology & Histology of Pulp and PA Tissues

Question 1

This is a central mass of a tooth consisting of soft tissues that is densely innervated by afferent (sensory) fibers

Answer 1

Pulpal organs

Question 2

What are the characteristic cells of the pulp?

Answer 2

Odontoblasts

Question 3

What are the most common/prevalent cell types in pulp?

Answer 3

Fibroblasts

Question 4

What is the primary function of odontoblasts?

Answer 4

Create dentin

Question 5

What are the primary functions of ameloblasts?

Answer 5

Enamel

Question 6

What are the secondary functions of pulp?

Answer 6

Supportive
Protection
Sensation
Defense
Repair

Question 7

Where do the main nerves lie in the tooth?

Answer 7

Pulp chamber

Question 8

Where do fibroblasts arise from what?

Answer 8

Undifferentiated ectomesenchymal cells

Question 9

What is the most prevalent cell in the pulp organ?

Answer 9

Fibroblasts

Question 10

Fibroblasts elaborate what fibers?

Answer 10

Type 1 and 3 collagen fibers

Question 11

Fibroblasts are utilized in what kind of healing?

Answer 11

Wound

Question 12

Fibroblasts elaborate collagen fibers from what?

Answer 12

Ground substance

Question 13

What is the basic cell in all connective tissue?

Answer 13

Fibroblasts

Question 14

Fibroblasts are important in what?

Answer 14

Pulpal regeneration

Question 15

This is responsible for dentinogenesis and important in amelogenesis

Answer 15

Odontoblasts

Question 16

What do odontoblasts produce that can become mineralized?

Answer 16

Collagen fiber
Proteoglycan matrix

Question 17

Odontoblastic processes extend into what?

Answer 17

Tubules

Question 18

What are the primary sensory innervations of the maxillary and mandibular pulp?

Answer 18

Trigeminal nerve (V2 and V3)

Question 19

In Addition to the trigeminal nerve, can you get innervation from?

Answer 19

Mylohyoid nerve
Cervical spinal nerve (C2 and C3)

Question 20

What is the importance of known pulp innervation?

Answer 20

IA block alone may provide insufficient anesthesia

Question 21

Dental pulp is supplied by what axons?

Answer 21

Myelinated and unmyelinated nerve axons

Question 22

Myelinated A fibers are classified according to what?

Answer 22

Diameter
Velocity of conduction and function

Question 23

What is the size and velocity of A alpha fibers?

Answer 23

12-20 microns, 70-120 m/sec

Question 24

What is the size and velocity of A beta fibers?

Answer 24

5-12 microns, 30-70 m/sec

Question 25

What is the size and velocity of A gamma fibers?

Answer 25

3-6 microns, 15-30 m/sec

Question 26

What are the fastest conducting myelinated A fibers?

Answer 26

A delta fibers

Question 27

What is the diameter and speed of A delta fibers?

Answer 27

1-5 microns, 6-30 m/sesc

Question 28

What are the dull pain fibers?

Answer 28

Unmyelinated C fibers

Question 29

What is the size and diameter of C fibers?

Answer 29

0.4-1 microns, .5-2.0 m/sec

Question 30

These fibers have relatively low stipulation threshold, quicker response, pain characteristics: sharp, pricking

Answer 30

A fibers

Question 31

These fibers are relatively high stimulation threshold, slow onset (late), dull, aching and more diffuse less bearable pain

Answer 31

C fibers

Question 32

These are associated with early sharp pain maybe RP

Answer 32

A fibers

Question 33

Acute =

Answer 33

A fibers

Question 34

These are associated with dull, diffuse pulpal pain IP

Answer 34

C fibers

Question 35

Chronic =

Answer 35

C fibers

Question 36

These fibers are located within

Answer 36

C fibers

Question 37

What are the most common causes of portal access?

Answer 37

caries/leaking restoration

Question 38

The central goal of RCT obturation is to

Answer 38

Seal ALL portal of access

Question 39

Most operative procedure are accompanied by significant opportunity for what

Answer 39

Iatrogenic and irreversible damage to the pulp

Question 40

Why is it important to use water when drilling?

Answer 40

Stops the pulp from getting too hot and destroying itself

Question 41

If you do not use water, what will happen to the pulp?

Answer 41

Pulp necrosis

Question 42

What temperature do you get pulp necrosis?

Answer 42

10 C (check this not sure)

Question 43

What are examples of mechanical irritants?

Answer 43

Excessive air drying (aspiration) Application of desiccants Pulp exposure Polishing Use of laser

Question 44

This is deposited over time in the immediate area of injury of fibroblasts

Answer 44

Tertiary dentin

Question 45

When 3rd dentin is deposited, what happens to the pulp?

Answer 45

General form of pulp is altered

Question 46

Odontoblast-like cells are known as

Answer 46

Fibroblasts

Question 47

Tertiary dentin is layered by what cells?

Answer 47

Fibroblasts

Question 48

Falls and sport accidents are examples of what kind of trauma?

Answer 48

External traumas

Question 49

Para-normal habits (bruxism) are examples of what kind of trauma?

Answer 49

Internal traumas

Question 50

This is application of any irritating or toxic element to the pulp or dentinal tubules that may cause pulpal injury

Answer 50

Chemical irritants

Question 51

What are examples of chemical irritants?

Answer 51

Direct or indirect pulp cap (CaOH) Disinfecting agents Acidic preparation Composites

Question 52

What theory describes “anything that causes movement of the fluid within the dentinal tubules causes pain in the pulp

Answer 52

Branstromm’s hydrodynamic theory

Question 53

What are the common etiologies of pulp irritation?

Answer 53

Microbiological Mechanical Chemical Trauma

Question 54

The pulp is amazingly resilient if covered by how much dentin?

Answer 54

0.5mm

Question 55

Many of the etiologies of pulpal damage are

Answer 55

Iatrogenic

Question 56

A pulp polyp is known as

Answer 56

Hyperplastic pulpitis

Question 57

Does a pulp polyp hurt? Can it heal?

Answer 57

No and no

Question 58

As the dental pulp ages, what happens to the pulp?

Answer 58

Gets reduced by secondary dentin

Question 59

This is a combination of 2nd and tertiary dentin formation in response to extensive and chronic injuries before the pulp became necrotic

Answer 59

Calcific metamorphosis

Question 60

In calcific metamorphosis, is there deposition?

Answer 60

no , unless the pulp is vital

Question 61

In calcific metamorphosis, is the canal negotiable by normal means?

Answer 61

No

Question 62

What is the #1 cause of pulpal injury?

Answer 62

Microbiological

Question 63

The #1 threat to health of dental pulps are

Answer 63

Dental caries

Question 64

All cracks or fractures of teeth are full of what?

Answer 64

Bacteria

Question 65

The function of odontoblasts is to create

Answer 65

Tooth

Question 66

Primary dentin is deposited when?

Answer 66

Development of the root