8/27/19 Flashcards
Manipulative Experiments
conditions are deliberately altered and all other variables are held constant.
Blind experiment
researchers don’t know which group is treated until after the data has been analyzed.
Double-blind experiment
neither the subject nor the researchers knows who is in the treatment
group and who is in the control group
Replication
repeating studies or tests
Significant number
a level of detail actually known
Deductive reasoning
conclusions from laws that you know to be true
Inductive reasoning
reasoning from many observations to produce a general rule
Hypothesis
a testable explanation
Statistics
numbers that let you evaluate and compare things
Mean
the average
Sample
a small part or quantity
Scientific Theory
Explanations supported by large numbers of tests
Natural experiment
you observe natural events and interpret a casual relationship between the
variables
Manipulative experiments
conditions are deliberately altered and all other variables are held
constant
Controlled study
comparison between an exposed group and unexposed group
Blind experiment
the researcher doesn’t know which group is treated until after the data has been
analyzed.
Models
a simple representation of something
Open system
those that receive inputs from their surroundings and produce outputs that leave
the system.
Closed system
exchanges no energy or matter with its surroundings, but these are rare.
Throughput
the energy and matter that flow into, through, and out of a system.
Positive feedback
the enhancement or amplification of an effect by its own influence on the process that gives rise to it
Negative feedback
the counteraction of an effect by its own influence on the process giving rise
to it
Homeostasis
stable
Disturbance
events that can destabilize or change a system
Resilience
ability to recover from disturbance
