*7.PTA 200-Therapeutic Massage

Question 1

utilizes manual techniques to relieve stress, increase relaxation and overall sense of wellness in an otherwise healthy individual.

Answer 1

Recreational

Question 2

utilizes manual techniques to relieve stress, increase relaxation, mobilize certain structures, decrease pain and swelling, prevent deformity, and promote functional independence in a person who has a defined health problem.

Answer 2

Therapeutic

Question 3

bone, joints, cartilage, teeth, fingers, toenails.

Answer 3

Hard tissues

Question 4

everything else

Answer 4

soft tissues

Question 5

massage over all regions of the body. (full body massage…WE DO NOT DO THIS!!!)

Answer 5

general massage

Question 6

massage to one particular region of the body.

Answer 6

local massage

Question 7

massage applied to one specific structure of the body

Answer 7

focal massage

Question 8

(see book pg. 119)
Movement of fluids: blood, lymph, lung secretions, chronic edema, interstitial contents.

Mobilization of soft tissues: muscle fibers, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules, skin, subcutaneous tissues, fascia, scar tissue, adhesions, chronic hematoma (Stagnant blood).

Answer 8

Mechanical Effects

Question 9

Increased blood and lymph flow
Promoted tissue healing
Increased tissue extensibility
Increased A/PROM
Decreased pain input
Organ stimulation
General relaxation of body systems

Answer 9

Physiological Effects

Question 10

(See book pg. 131)

Decreased anxiety
Decreased stress
General feeling of well-being
“Laying on of hands” effect

Answer 10

Psychological Effects

Question 11

Pain
Muscle spasm
Superficial scar
Edema
Muscle contractures
Muscle stimulation
Respiratory disorders
Collagen re-alignment

Answer 11

P.T. Related Indications

Question 12

Acute infection
Open wounds
Over frail skin with edema
3-6 months after radiation treatment
Hyperesthesia
Cancer
Large varicose veins, thrombophlebitis, DVT
Psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis

Answer 12

Contraindications to Massage

Question 13

the entire palmar surface of the hand maintains constant contact with patient. Can be done in any direction.
Typically used as beginning stroke to acclimate patient to the hands-on technique and promote relaxation.
Smooth, slow, and rhythmic motions.
Light pressure. Continuous motion.

Answer 13

stroking

Question 14

similar in technique to stroking. Utilizes palmar surface of hand.

Can easily transfer from stroking to effleurage.
Used to enhance lymph and venous return.

Differences:
Always done centripetally (toward heart).
Always has definitive end to the stroke.
Gradual increase in pressure as the stoke progresses to its ending point.

Answer 14

Effleurage

Question 15

includes: kneading, picking up, wringing and rolling.

Utilized to mobilize deeper tissues.
Firm pressure.
Slow speed

Answer 15

Petrissage

Question 16

percussion techniques. Includes: clapping, beating, hacking, and pounding. Used to clear secretions from lungs, to “tenderize” the muscles, or to stimulate muscles.

Answer 16

Tapotement

Question 17

used for manual postural drainage techniques. Also can be used to stimulate muscles.

 - as rapid as possible movements (while maintaining control), small amplitudes. 
- slower, more purposeful movements with larger amplitudes. 3-5 shakes/second.

Answer 17

Vibration and Shaking

Question 18

specifically designed to affect the realignment of collagen in connective tissues. No lubricant in used. NOT COMFORTABLE!!!

Transverse friction: must be administered “on the spot.” Must know your anatomy and decipher appropriate direction of stroke to create friction perpendicular to the layout of the tissue’s fibers. Place the tissues on a full stretch prior to administering. Single finger placement, unidirectional movements. Can be used in conjunction with ice massage for improved tolerance and decreased inflammation.

Circular friction: stationary circles that gradually progress in depth. “Hurts so good…”

Answer 18

Deep Friction