7D Third Line of Defence Flashcards
Briefly describe the third line of defence
- Adaptive immunity
- Slow, but highly specific
- Humoral and cell mediated
- APC presents pathogen to T helper
What is humoral immunity?
- B cells
- Non cellular antibodies
- The neutralisation and destruction of extracellular pathogens via the production of antibodies
Bacteria floating around
What is Clonal Selection?
T helper cell presents antigen to the Naïve B/T lymphocytes while finding a complementary match
What is Clonal Expansion?
T helper cells release cytokines to stimulate the naïve B/T cells to proliferate into plasma, memory, etc.
What are B memory cells?
Provide immulogical memory and the ability to produce antibodies more rapidly
What are plasma cells
Produce specific antibodies
They have extensive rough ER to produce antibodies (type of proteins)
What are the functions of antibodies?
There are four
- Neutralisation
- Agglutination
- Immobolisation
- Opsonisation
What do Naïve B cells proliferate into?
- B memory
- Plasma
What is Cell Mediated Immunity?
The destruction of infected/abnormal cells ia the clonal selection of a cytotoxic T cell
Neutralisation
Masks dangerous components of pathogens.
Agglutination
Using antigens to trap multiple pathogens
This makes it easier for phagocytes to engulf
Immobolisation
Restrict movement of pathogens
Opsonisation
Bind directly to the surface of a pathogen to make it easier to phagocytose
What do Naïve T cells ptoliferate into?
- Cytotoxic T cells
- T memory cells
Cytotoxic T cells
- Releases cytokines to cause infected cells to undergo apoptosis
Apoptosis: death of cell
