7.3 7.5 Flashcards
A term that is often used synonymously with “sensory pathway” is ___.
ascending pathway
The primary sensory cortical area and the region of association cortex closest to it process information ___.
in simple ways and serve basic sensory-related functions
Patients who have lost a body part by accident or amputation sometimes experience sensory perception in that part as though it were still present. This phenomenon is called ___ ___.
phantom limb
Sensation from the skin, skeletal muscles, bones, tendons, and joints, which is initiated by a variety of sensory receptors, is termed ___ ___.
somatic sensation
In general, mechanoreceptors are highly specialized neuron endings that are linked to networks of ___ fibers within a capsule is often filled with fluid. These networks transmit the mechanical tension in the fluid-filled capsule to ___ channels in the neuron endings and activate them.
collagen; ion
Which statement is true about sensory neural pathways?
They are afferent pathways generally formed by chains of three or more neurons that carry information to the central nervous system.
T/F: The cortical association areas are not considered part of the sensory pathway.
T
Sensory receptors located in skeletal muscles that contribute to posture and movement by indicating muscle length are called ___ ___ stretch receptors.
muscle spindle
The actual temperature sensors are ion channels in the plasma membranes of the axon terminals that belong to a family of proteins called ___ ___ ___ (TPR) proteins.
transient receptor potential
What receptors are somatic sensory receptors?
- thermoreceptor
- skin pressure receptor
- proprioceptor
Nociceptor fibers typically have a ___ diameter and are ___.
small; unmyelinated
Match the sensory receptors at left with the correct descriptions.
Meissner’s corpuscle: rapidly adapting; touch and pressure
Merkel’s corpuscle: slowly adapting; touch and pressure
Free neuron ending: slowly adapting; nociceptors, itch, thermoreceptors, and mechanoreceptors
Pacinian corpuscle: rapidly adapting; vibration and deep tissue
Ruffini corpuscle: slowly adapting; skin stretch
The sensation felt along the medial aspect of the left arm during a heart attack, which in reality occurs due to the stimulation of visceral pain pathways, is an example of ___.
referred pain (results from the convergence of somatic and visceral pain pathways)
Receptors for body movement, limb positions, fine touch discrimination, and pressure, connect with the somatosensory pathway called the ___ ___ pathway.
dorsal column
Mechanoreceptors that monitor tension on tendons are called ___ ___ organs.
golgi tendon
The processing of touch terminates in the ___ cortex.
somatosensory
A family of proteins called transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins are found in sensory neurons that sense ___.
temperature
The sensation of ___ is mediated by specialized receptors called nociceptors.
pain
The false perception of pain location caused by convergent afferent neural pathways is known as ___ pain.
referred
Both somatosensory pathways cross from the side where the afferent neurons enter the central nervous system to the opposite side. Match each pathway to the position where that occurs.
Anterolateral system: in the spinal cord
Dorsal column system: in the brain stem
What body part has the most neurons associated with it in the primary somatosensory cortex of the brain?
face
