6.1 - 6.3

Question 1

The entire nervous system is divided into two anatomical regions: the ___ nervous system and the ___ nervous system.

Answer 1

• CNS (central nervous system)

- PNS (peripheral nervous system)

Question 2

Which statements are true about neurons?

Answer 2

• they operate by generating electrical signals that move from one part of the cell to another part of the cell
• they are cells responsible for the basic functioning of the nervous system

Question 3

The long process that carries information away from a neuron’s cell body is a(n) ___.

Answer 3

axon

Question 4

Dendrites and axons extend from the region of a neuron called the soma, or ___ ___, which contains the nucleus.

Answer 4

cell body

Question 5

What term refers to the thin branching processes of neurons that provide receptive sites for incoming signals?

Answer 5

dendrites

Question 6

What accurately describes the “axon hillock” of a neuron? (aka initial segment)

Answer 6

it is the region nearest the cell body where action potentials are initiated

Question 7

What are the branches of an axon called?

Answer 7

collaterals

Question 8

What part of the neuron that contains the nucleus and is responsible for the production of most cell’s macromolecules?

Answer 8

cell body

Question 9

Neurons that carry information away from the CNS toward the tissues and organs of the body are know as ___ neurons.

Answer 9

efferent

Question 10

A long neuronal cellular projection that conducts impulses called action potentials from the cell body to nerve terminals is called a(n) ___.

Answer 10

axon

Question 11

The cells that surround the axon and dendrites of neurons, provide nourishment, and serve as “nerve glue”, are referred to as ___ cells.

Answer 11

glia

Question 12

What are the two general anatomical divisions of the nervous system?

Answer 12

central and peripheral

Question 13

Chemical messengers released by neurons that enable communication with other cells are called ___.

Answer 13

neurotransmitters

Question 14

Be able to label the dendrites, cell body, axon hillock, axon, axon collateral, and axon terminals of a neuron

Answer 14

x

Question 15

Thin branching processes that extend from a neuronal cell body and receive information from other neurons are called ___.

Answer 15

dendrites

Question 16

The portion of an axon closest to the cell body is where the action potentials generally begin, and this region is celled the ___.

Answer 16

axon hillock / initial segment

Question 17

The term collateral refers to the branches of ___.

Answer 17

axons

Question 18

The enlarged portion of the neuron that contains the nucleus is called the cell body or ___.

Answer 18

soma

Question 19

Afferent neurons convey information ___ the CNS, while efferent neurons convey information ___the CNS.

Answer 19

toward; away from

Question 20

A long neuronal cellular projection that conducts impulses called action potentials from the cell body to nerve terminals is called a(n_ ___.

Answer 20

axon

Question 21

the non-neuronal cells of the nervous system that provide metabolic support to neurons are collectively called ___ cells.

Answer 21

glia (or glial or neuroglia)

Question 22

What structures are a part of the central nervous system?

Answer 22

brain and spinal cord

Question 23

A nucleus and ribosomes of a neuron are found in the part of termed the ___ ___.

Answer 23

cell body

Question 24

The specialized cells of the nervous system that conduct electrical signals are called ___.

Answer 24

neurons

Question 25

Highly branched cellular processes pf a neuron that receive input from other neurons (in the CNS) are called ___.

Answer 25

dendrites

Question 26

A neuron’s cell body contains the ___ and ___, and thus has the genetic information and machinery for protein systhesis.

Answer 26

nucleus; ribosomes

Question 27

The glial cells of the nervous system ___.

Answer 27

are non-neuronal cells that provide physical and metabolic support to neurons