7.2 Slides

Question 1

cell is divided into 2 major parts:

Answer 1

cytoplasm: portion of the cell that is semi-jell liquid

nucleus: membrane bound

Question 2

the nucleolus makes:

Answer 2

ribosomes which are sent through nuclear pores to the ER

Question 3

ribosomes produce:

Answer 3

proteins

Question 4

what are the instructions for making proteins:

Answer 4

DNA, transcription occurs in the nucleus to make messenger RNA (mRNA) and the ribosomes translate the mRNA to make proteins

Question 5

What happens during transcription?

Answer 5

DNA gets unzipped and copyed, copy is called mRNA (has uracil in it) which goes to ribosomes

Question 6

What is glucose broken down into?

Answer 6

glucose then sugar then ATP

Question 7

what is the purpose of contractile vacuoles?

Answer 7

to prevent protozoa from collapsing or exploding because of lack or too much water

Question 8

what is the mitosis?

Answer 8

cell divison

Question 9

what does the rough ER deal with compared to the smooth ER?

Answer 9

rough: proteins
smooth: lipids

Question 10

organelles are suspended in:

Answer 10

cytoplasm

Question 11

what are organelles?

Answer 11

little organs that carry our a specific function in the cell

Question 12

Eukarotic cells are like a

Answer 12

factory

Question 13

differnet organelles of a cell are compared to:

Answer 13

specialized machines and assembly lines

Question 14

cells must follow

Answer 14

“instructions” and produce products

Question 15

what are the products of cells?

Answer 15

proteins (all living things are made up of proteins)

Question 16

the nucleus contains:

Answer 16

DNA which isthe blueprint for making proteins

Question 17

what is the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote?

Answer 17

pro- no organized nucleus does not have a nuclear membrane
Eu- has organized nucleus with nuclear membrane

Question 18

what do vacuoles and vesicles do?

Answer 18

store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates

Question 19

plants have a large central:

Answer 19

vacuole filled with liquid to maintain the rigidity of the plant

Question 20

Contriactile vacuoles are importnat in:

Answer 20

unicellular organisms

Question 21

contractile vacuoles help maintian:

Answer 21

a contstant pressure inside the cell versus the pressure outside of the cell and vice versa

Question 22

rythmic contractions of the contractile vacuole prevent:

Answer 22

the unicellular organism from exploding or caving in on itself

Question 23

lysosomes contain ______ which break down_____ to produce_______

Answer 23

digestive enzymes which break down lipids, carbs, proteins to produce smaller more usable molecules for the cell to use

Question 24

lysosmes digest:

Answer 24

worn out parts of the cell (recycle) and digest invading bacteria

Question 25

cytoskeleton is the

Answer 25

the internal network of microfilaments and microtubules that help provide shape and anchoring points for the cell organelles

Question 26

microfilaments:

Answer 26

threadlike structures made up of a protein called actin- flexible framework and helps unicellular organisms to move

Question 27

microtubules:

Answer 27

hollow structures made up of protiens called tubulins

Question 28

microtublues play a critical role in:

Answer 28

maintaining cell shape and during cell division

Question 29

Spindle fibers and centrioles are important during:

Answer 29

cell division- made up of tubulins

Question 30

ribosomes are the cellular factory for the production of

Answer 30

proteins

Question 31

ribosomes are found throughout the

Answer 31

cytoplasm and along the lining of the ER

Question 32

ribosomes are made up of

Answer 32

RNA and are produced by the nucleolus

Question 33

ribosomes assemble proteins by:

Answer 33

assembling long strings of amino acids

Question 34

endoplasmic reticulum is included in the

Answer 34

manufacture of lipid components of the cell to be assembled (lipids are critical for the cell)

Question 35

newly produced proteins may need to be:

Answer 35

chemically modified by the ER

Question 36

smooth ER responsible for

Answer 36

drug detoxification

Question 37

choloplasts capture the energy from _____ and utilize the energy to_______

Answer 37

the sun and utilize the energy to power chemical reactions

Question 38

chloroplasts produce

Answer 38

sugars, starches, and other carbohydrates

Question 39

mitochondria release:

Answer 39

ATP by breaking down glucose