7.2 health Flashcards
what is health?
state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.
what are the 6 main factors that determine good health and life expectancy?
clean water supply
hygiene and sanitation
a nutritionally adequate diet
freedom from disease
poverty
stress
why is a clean water supply so essential?
for:
-raising crops and livestock
-drinking and cooking
-washing and keeping the body and clothes clean
-supporting economic development
lack of it can cause water-borne diseases like;
-diarrhea and dysentery by bacteria in polluted water
-malaria by mosquitoes breeding in stagnant water.
-bilharzia by parasite(small animal living other animals)
what is hygiene?
practice of keeping yourself, your living and working area clean to prevent diseases.
what is sanitation
systems that keep places clean, especially by removing human waste.
what are 5 rules for hygiene?
- wash your body everyday and keep your body clean
- wash clothes and dishes with clean water.
-cover food and keep it away from flies. - have a good toilet system.
- drinking water must be purified and boiled.
what is nutrition?
process of receiving food necessary for the body to grow and be healthy.
what is a diet?
food that people or living things eat.
what is a balanced diet and why is it so important?
diet that provides the body with all the nutrients it needs/
– it helps to fight diseases and the lack of it leads people to suffer from nutritional diseases.
what is a disease?
main cause of ill-health in the world, makes people weak(fatigued) which may cause death.
what are the 3 terminology to describe diseases?
epidemic
– disease that is widely spread.
pandemic
– disease spread throughout the world, e.g. hiv, covid.
endemic
– when a disease is always present in a country, e.g. malaria.
name the 3 groups diseases are divided into.
– contagious/ infectious( spreads from one person to another.)
– non-contagious/ non-infectious(arises from other causes) e.g. cancer, heart attack
– diseases spread by animals/ insects, e.g. malaria.
list the ways of preventing diseases
– immunization
– inoculation
– vaccination
what are the main preventable diseases?
measles
mumps
tetanus
polio
what is poverty?
the state of being poor.
(main cause of poor health)
how does poverty affect health?
– poor people will have unhygienic houses/ poor sanitation
– poor people have no access to clean water.
– poor people do not have enough land to produce food
– poor people cannot afford to pay for proper medical care.
what is stress?
state of constant worry caused by problems in one’s life.
what are the factors(causes) of stress?
– lack of money or land to provide enough food
– poor housing
– unemployment
– lack of medical care
– lack of fresh water
what problems can stress further lead to?
– depression and mental problems
– alcoholism and drug abuse
– family and social problems
(these problems, in turn, can lead to poor health/ ill-health)
give examples of health programmes in Namibia
– primary health care- package of measures taken to prevent ill-health and promote good health.
– the training of medical auxiliaries- workers who give help/ support to main group of workers.
– building of hospitals and training of doctors-
– provision of clean water supply-
– community health programmes-
– immunization-
what is prevention?
act of taking precautions to prevent diseases from occurring.
what is cure?
to make an illness go away/ deal with the problem successfully.
explain primary health care.
a package of measures taken to prevent ill-health and promote good health.
-includes:
hygiene and sanitation
education
nutrition and immunization
list the objectives of primary health care
– prevent ill-health and premature death
– maintain and improve quality of life
– treat diseases and injuries and other forms of ill-health
– reduce socially unhealthy behavior
