7.2 health Flashcards
what is health?
state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.
what are the 6 main factors that determine good health and life expectancy?
clean water supply
hygiene and sanitation
a nutritionally adequate diet
freedom from disease
poverty
stress
why is a clean water supply so essential?
for:
-raising crops and livestock
-drinking and cooking
-washing and keeping the body and clothes clean
-supporting economic development
lack of it can cause water-borne diseases like;
-diarrhea and dysentery by bacteria in polluted water
-malaria by mosquitoes breeding in stagnant water.
-bilharzia by parasite(small animal living other animals)
what is hygiene?
practice of keeping yourself, your living and working area clean to prevent diseases.
what is sanitation
systems that keep places clean, especially by removing human waste.
what are 5 rules for hygiene?
- wash your body everyday and keep your body clean
- wash clothes and dishes with clean water.
-cover food and keep it away from flies. - have a good toilet system.
- drinking water must be purified and boiled.
what is nutrition?
process of receiving food necessary for the body to grow and be healthy.
what is a diet?
food that people or living things eat.
what is a balanced diet and why is it so important?
diet that provides the body with all the nutrients it needs/
– it helps to fight diseases and the lack of it leads people to suffer from nutritional diseases.
what is a disease?
main cause of ill-health in the world, makes people weak(fatigued) which may cause death.
what are the 3 terminology to describe diseases?
epidemic
– disease that is widely spread.
pandemic
– disease spread throughout the world, e.g. hiv, covid.
endemic
– when a disease is always present in a country, e.g. malaria.
name the 3 groups diseases are divided into.
– contagious/ infectious( spreads from one person to another.)
– non-contagious/ non-infectious(arises from other causes) e.g. cancer, heart attack
– diseases spread by animals/ insects, e.g. malaria.
list the ways of preventing diseases
– immunization
– inoculation
– vaccination
what are the main preventable diseases?
measles
mumps
tetanus
polio
what is poverty?
the state of being poor.
(main cause of poor health)
how does poverty affect health?
– poor people will have unhygienic houses/ poor sanitation
– poor people have no access to clean water.
– poor people do not have enough land to produce food
– poor people cannot afford to pay for proper medical care.
what is stress?
state of constant worry caused by problems in one’s life.
what are the factors(causes) of stress?
– lack of money or land to provide enough food
– poor housing
– unemployment
– lack of medical care
– lack of fresh water
what problems can stress further lead to?
– depression and mental problems
– alcoholism and drug abuse
– family and social problems
(these problems, in turn, can lead to poor health/ ill-health)
give examples of health programmes in Namibia
– primary health care- package of measures taken to prevent ill-health and promote good health.
– the training of medical auxiliaries- workers who give help/ support to main group of workers.
– building of hospitals and training of doctors-
– provision of clean water supply-
– community health programmes-
– immunization-
what is prevention?
act of taking precautions to prevent diseases from occurring.
what is cure?
to make an illness go away/ deal with the problem successfully.
explain primary health care.
a package of measures taken to prevent ill-health and promote good health.
-includes:
hygiene and sanitation
education
nutrition and immunization
list the objectives of primary health care
– prevent ill-health and premature death
– maintain and improve quality of life
– treat diseases and injuries and other forms of ill-health
– reduce socially unhealthy behavior
explain the importance of the training of medical auxiliaries
they are trained to teach families about diseases and healthy living, to treat common problems e.g. midwives
what does the government do about minimizing distances people travel to clinics?
– build new facilities
– use the red cross mobile clinic to travel to poor areas
– nurse colleges are in place to train more nurses
explain community health programmes as one of the health programmes in Namibia
aim to help people in community to prevent and solve their own health problems
explain immunization
programme aimed at preventing/protecting the body from diseases especially by injection.
what are the impacts of HIV/AIDS on SADC countries’ economy?
– large portion of the budget is diverted to increasing orphan support
– there’s a need for free medical support
– loss of labor force, call for foreign experts/ new trainees
– more money is spent on campaigns to prevent HIV
give examples of projects to address the HIV/AIDS problem in Namibia
– school health educational programmes, e.g. my future , my choice
– AIDS awareness clubs to alert young people of the dangers of AIDS
– free distribution of condoms to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS
– TV/newspaper advertisements on AIDS
How do you support people living with HIV/AIDS?
– ensure they follow a balanced diet
– take care of their hygiene
– let them take regular exercise
– let them take medicine regularly
list the measures taken to reduce the prevalence of HIV/AIDS
– increase AIDS/HIV awareness campaigns all over the country
– AIDS should form part of the secondary school curriculum
– distribution of free condoms or femi-doms
– free testing
list and explain what a balanced diet contains
- proteins
– for body growth and tissue repair (meat, eggs, milk) - carbohydrates
– main source of energy (maize, rice, potatoes) - fats
– provide energy to the body ( cereals, beans and ground nuts) - vitamins and minerals
– provide healthy skin and bones and general good health( vegetables and fruits)
define malnutrition
when the body lacks proper nutrition/ eating a diet that does not enough nutrients
