7.2 COPD & Asthma Flashcards
2 types of bronchodilators
- b2 agonists
- muscarinic antagonists
mechanism of action of anti musacarinincs
proximal airways mostly, inhibit bronchoconstrictive effect of ACh at M3 receptors on smooth muscle
mechanism of action of b2 agonists
distal airways mostly, activate b2 receptors in bronchioles to increase cAMP, relaxes SM and causes bronchodilation
who cant have oxygen therapy? why?
smokers- fire hazard
retainers
what pathogen can chronically colonise people with bronchiectasis?
pseudomonas aeruginosa
treatment of non tuberculosis mycobacteria
18 month broad spectrum antibiotics
is asthma airflow restriction inspiratory or expiratory?
expiratory
why does asthma tend to give diurnal cough?
parasympathetic NS active, triggers bronchoconstriction
typical PMH in asthma?
atopy (hay fever, eczema)
FEV1
Total volume of air you can breathe out in one sec after max inspiration
FVC
total volume of air you can exhale from max inspiration
improvement in. spirometry in asthmatic after treatment
20%
FeNO
-what is it
-result
-whens it done
level of exhaled nitrogen in one exhalation,
positive indicates eosinophilic inflammation
done when spirometry inconclusive
why could normocapnia be a bad sign in acute asthma exacerbation?
should be hypocapnic due to compensatory mechanisms of hyperventilation, normocapnia shows a failure to compensate
typical ABG in acute asthma exacerbation
respires alkalosis
