7.11.23 - Memory: Types of LTM

Question 1

Who proposed the three LTM stores?

Answer 1

Tulving

Question 2

What are the three LTM stores?

Answer 2

EPISODIC, SEMANTIC and PROCEDURAL

Question 3

What is episodic memory?

Answer 3

LTM store for PERSONAL events

Question 4

Give an example of an episodic memory

Answer 4

Your most RECENT visit to the dentist

Question 5

Are episodic memories ‘time stamped’?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What does ‘time stamped’ mean?

Answer 6

You know WHEN they happened and WHAT happened

Question 7

Are episodic memories implicit or explicit?

Answer 7

Explicit

Question 8

What does explicit mean?

Answer 8

• Includes DETAILS of event
• CONTEXT of event and EMOTIONS associated with it

Question 9

Are episodic memories declarative or non-declarative?

Answer 9

Declarative

Question 10

What does declarative mean?

Answer 10

Make CONSCIOUS effort to RECALL memory

Question 11

What is semantic memory?

Answer 11

LTM store for FACTS and KNOWLEDGE of world

Question 12

Give an example of a **semantic memory **

Answer 12

What an orange TASTES like

Question 13

Are semantic memories ‘time stamped?’

Answer 13

No

Question 14

Are semantic memories implicit or explicit?

Answer 14

Explicit

Question 15

Are semantic memories declarative or non-declarative?

Answer 15

Declarative

Question 16

What is procedural memory?

Answer 16

LTM store for LEARNED skills and actions

Question 17

Give an example of a procedural memory

Answer 17

Knowing how to DRIVE a car

Question 18

Are procedural memories ‘time stamped?’

Answer 18

No

Question 19

Are procedural memories implicit or explicit?

Answer 19

Implicit

Question 20

Are procedural memories declarative or non-declarative?

Answer 20

• Non-declarative
• Done automatically without thinking

Question 21

What is a strength of the three types of LTM?

Answer 21

Allows psychologists to HELP people with MEMORY problems

Question 22

Allows psychologists to help people with memory problems

Answer 22

• As people AGE, they experience MEMORY LOSS
• Linked specifically to EPISODIC memory
• Belleville et al
• Created INTERVENTION aiming to IMPROVE episodic memories in OLDER people
• TRAINED participants performed BETTER than CONTROL group
• DISTINGUISHING between LTM stores allows SPECIFIC treatments to be developed

Question 23

What is a limitation of the three types of LTM?

Answer 23

CONFLICTING research findings LINKING types of LTM to areas of brain

Question 24

Conflicting research findings linking the three different types of LTM to areas of the brain

Answer 24

** Buckner and Petersen**
* REVIEWED evidence involving LOCATION of SEMANTIC and EPISODIC memory
* Concluded SEMANTIC memory in LEFT side of PFC and EPISODIC on RIGHT
* Other research suggests OPPOSITE
* Challenges NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL evidence SUPPORTING types of memory
* POOR agreement on location of them