7.1 animal nutrition

Question 1

What is a Diet?

Answer 1

Diet is food…hence…The food an animal eats everyday is called its diet.

Question 2

How many nutrients does an animal need ?…and name them

Answer 2

7..
Fibre
Carbs
Protein
Lipids aka Fats
Minerals
Vitamins
Water

Question 3

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 3

A diet that consists of all the 7 nutrients in proper amounts and proportions is called a balanced diet and every human MUST have it in order to live a healthy life.

Question 4

What are energy needs?

Answer 4

Energy needs are the needs of every animal..they fulfill it by eating food and proper nutrients..
Every age has its own amount of energy needs..e.g- a teen requires more energy than an elderly because a teen can consume more and has a fast metabolism whereas an elderly cant consume that much and has a slower metabolism.. energy is also known as calories.

Question 5

Should a person with any deficiency eat a balanced meal?

Answer 5

They should eat normal amounts of every nutrient but they should consume more of what they don’t have enough..e.g vitamin C deficiency: ppl shud eat more citrus fruits or food in order to have enough amounts of vitamin C in their body.

Question 6

Will the body work properly if it doesn’t have enough nutrients?

Answer 6

No, it won’t work properly because every human body needs proper amounts of nutrients to have a healthy body…One must not overdo nor eat less as well…

Question 7

What are Vitamins?

Answer 7

Vitamins are organic substances that are mostly required in tiny amounts..if one doesn’t have enough vitamins they can get a vitamin deficiency.

Question 8

Vitamin C and its deficiency and what should be consumed :

Answer 8

Vitamin C is needed to make stretchy protein collagen which is found in skin and some other tissues and helps them in good repair.
If one doesn’t have enough of these, they might have a deficiency called scurvy, which causes pain in joints and bleeding gums.it’s most common in sailors because they have no fresh vegetables during long voyages.
One must consume more citrus fruits and raw vegetables.

Question 9

Vitamin D and its deficiency and what should be consumed :

Answer 9

Vitamin D is needed because it helps calcium absorb for making bones and teeth…
If one doesn’t have enough of these then they may have rickets in which bones are deformed.
It’s common in children living in industrial areas because they rarely get any sun.
One must consume butter, egg yolk and it can also be made by the skin if the sunlight goes through it.

Question 10

What are Minerals?

Answer 10

Minerals are inorganic substances…and they are also required in small amounts. The most important ones are IRON and CALCIUM.

Question 11

IRON DEFICIENCY:

Answer 11

Used for making hemoglobin which is found in red blood cells and they help transport O2.
Its deficiency is known as Anaemia, in which there are rbc but in small amounts so oxygen isn’t delivered to the tissues…
One must consume liver, red meat, egg yolk, and dark green vegetables.

Question 12

CALCIUM DEFICIENCY:

Answer 12

Used for bones and teeth n for blood clotting.
Brittle bones and teeth and poor blood clotting are caused.
One must consume dairy products and milk and bread.

Question 13

What is FIBRE?

Answer 13

It helps to keep the alimentary canal working properly. It’s needed for digestion because it helps human poop. One must consume at least 20 g daily. It helps the peristalsis and helps to keep the alimentary canal working.

Question 14

What is PERISTALSIS?

Answer 14

Food moves through the alimentary canal working during the process of digestion in which the muscles contract and relax to squeeze it along which is called peristalsis. The muscles are stimulated to do this when there is food in the alimentary canal. Soft foods do not stimulate the muscle very much. Hard foods help the muscle stimulate and keep working strongly.

Question 15

GOOD FOODS OF FIBRE:

Answer 15

Brown rice.
Unpolished rice.
Oats or cereal grains.
Wheat.
Barley.
Lettuce.
Kiwi.
Dates.
etc

Question 16

GOOD FOODS OF PROTEIN:

Answer 16

Protein Powder
Apple
Milk
Chicken
Meat
Fish
Eggs
Lentils

Question 17

GOOD FOODS OF FATS:

Answer 17

Peanut butter
Butter
Cream cheese or cream
Oil
Eggs
Milk

Question 18

GOOD FOODS OF CARBS:

Answer 18

Corns
Spaghetti
Bread
Roti
Potato
Biscuit
Pasta

Question 19

Saturated Fat:

Answer 19

This fat isn’t good for the human body as it causes cholesterol and leads to weight gain or obesity. It can cause heart disease and is hence proven that it isn’t healthy for animals although it can be consumed in moderation.

Question 20

Coronary Heart Disease:

Answer 20

The fat deposits build up in the arteries which leads to problems in breathing and also the blood deposits slowly which leads to breathing slowly. These deposits can also cause blood clotting that leads to heart attacks. To stop them one can try the alternatives of them such as using veg oil instead of butter and eating fish and white meat.

Question 21

STARVATION:

Answer 21

When someone doesn’t have food to eat..or they don’t eat food and starve themselves.. they’re most likely to lose weight but also nutrients and the body works really slowly and it’s harmful to health. It is mainly in poor areas such as Africa, and Pakistan.

Question 22

MALNUTRITION:

Answer 22

It refers to when one doesn’t have proper amounts of nutrients or is taking more of one nutrient and less of other nutrients.
KWASHIORKOR is a disease that swells the tummy if more of one nutrient is used and other nutrients aren’t used at all… MOSTLY IN AFRICA N POOR COUNTRIES.