70-410 Flashcards
Server Core
reduces management and servicing by installing only what is needed to run most server roles and applications. Fully manage locally or remotely with Windows PowerShell.
Load Driver on Windows Setup
May have load windows drivers for storage from the manufacturer.
Windows Server 2012 R2 Foundation
- Intended for small office networks.
- Up to 15 users. No CALs.
- Single CPU Socket. No Limit on cores.
- Maximum of 32GB of RAM.
- No Virtualization rights.
Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials
- Intended for small office networks
- Up to 25 users and 50 devices
- Pre-configured connectivity to cloud-based services.
- Remote Web Access
- My Server app for Windows/RT/Phone
- Microsoft Azure Backup Integration.
- Office 365 Integration
- No Virtualization rights.
Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard
- The Entirety of Windows Server.
- Up to two CPU sockets. No Limit on cores.
- Two virtual instances included.
Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter
- The entirety of Windows Server.
- Up to two CPU sockets. No Limit on cores.
- Unlimited virtual instances included.
Server with a GUI
Standard Windows GUI with traditional start screen. Server manager tool and MMC console supported. All server roles can be installed.
Minimal Server Interface
Also known as Windows Server core. Start screen, explorer, IE, and the desktop not supported.
Full Desktop Experience
Intended for using Windows Server as a desktop OS. Standard Windows GUI with traditional Start Screen, plus Windows Store and Windows Store apps supported.
Role
something a windows server aspires to be.
Role Service
The functions that fulfill those aspirations.
Feature
Other tasks that don’t fit within an established Role.
Use Powershell to Install a Role, Role Service, and Feature
Get-WindowsFeature to see all options.
-Install-WindowsFeature telnet-server
Supported Roles on Windows Server Core
- AD Certificate Services. AD Domain Services. AD Lightweight Domain Services. AD Rights Management Services.
- DHCP Server. DNS Server.
- File and Storage Services.
- Hyper-V
- Print and Document Services.
- Remote Access Services.
- Streaming Media Services.
- Web Server (IIS)
- Windows Server Update Services.
Clean Install
Used for new installations. Used where old OS instance will be deleted. Used when changing from x86 to x64 architecture. Used when changing languages. Used when converting from pre-release versions.
Upgrade
Used when an existing OS instance requires an in-place upgrade. Supported upgrades:
- Windows Server 2008 SP2
- Windows Server 2008 R2
- Windows Server 2012 Standard and Datacenter
License Conversion
DISM command can migrate a Windows Server instance to a higher OS Edition.
- Offline servicing to OS images
- Online servicing to running OS instances.
DISM
Services images.
Role Migration
Windows Server Migration Tools are available as an install-able feature in Server Manager.
-Install-WindowsFeatureMigration
Tools must be installed onto source and destination computer. This can be done manually.
Migration steps are different based on the role being migrated.
- Export-SmigServerSetting
- Import-SmigServerSetting
WinSxS Folder
Windows Side by Side. Allows Windows to have multiple different versions of things installed simultaneously. mechanism to allow windows to compartmentalize the roles and features. Directory to point to whenever you need a feature that requires media.
WinSxS Folder
Windows Side by Side. Allows Windows to have multiple different versions of things installed simultaneously. mechanism to allow windows to compartmentalize the roles and features. Directory to point to whenever you need a feature that requires media.
NIC Teaming
Located within Server Manager. Requires at least 2 physical network cards. Under Tasks, create new team. Select Network adapters involved.
Teaming Mode
Static Teaming, switch Independent, and LACP.
Static Teaming
Requires network guys to check switch config. Network has to recognize the team.
Switch Independent
Allows you to configure a team that doesn’t require additional support from the network side. If you don’t have advanced networking equipment, this is the one to choose.
LACP
Requires network guys to check the config on the switch. Is LACP configured.
Load Balancing Mode (NIC Teaming)
How you want the network traffic to balance between the 2 different networking cards. Dynamic is more of a standard. Hyper V is only used for Hyper V servers. Address hash is based off of IP address the traffic is coming from.
Standby Adapter
When another adapter fails. With 2 network cards. It is essentially one NIC with failover.
Powershell Setting IP
- get-netAdapter. (To get the list of adpaters)
- Get-NetAdapter ethernet0 | Set-NetIPInterface -dhcp disabled.
- Get-NetAdapter ethernet0 | new-NetIPAddress -IPAddress 192.168.0.104 -DefaultGateway 192.168.0.1 -PrefixLength 24
- Set-DNSClientServerAddress -InterfaceAlias ethernet0 -ServerAddresses 192.168.0.100
Powershell NIC Teaming
- new-netlbfoteam -name “Our Team” -TeamMembers ethernet0,ehternet1 -TeamingMode SwitchIndependent -LoadBalancingAlgorithm dynamic
- you can set Team IP the same way as a single NIC. Get-NetAdapter “our team” | new-netIPAddress -IPaddress 192.0.0.0 -DefaultGateway 0.0.0.0 -PrefixLength 24
- A “yes to all”
- help LBFO
User Rights Assigment
Determines which users or groups to accomplish tasks on a machine. Local Security policy to delegate administration. Choose granular tasks. If on local security policy it would be only for that machine.
SC (Command Line Tool) for services
Create services or start/stop services. “SC query” will list all services on the machine. To stop service use “SC stop “. To get status of the service type “SC query “
manage services with powershell
- get-service | stop-service.
- get-service | start-service.
Configure Display Resolution with Powershell (Server Core)
Set-DisplayResolution
Adjust the clock settings in powershell (server core)
timedate.cpl
Rename the computer with powershell (server core)
rename-computer
Adding a computer to a domain (server core)
add-computer
Define product key and activate the license (server core)
slmgr.vbs -ipk & slmgr.vbs -ato
Bring up text based menu (Server core) bring up to help find commands you forgot.
sconfig.cmd
Configure WSUS (Server Core)
cscript scregedit.wsf
Install Features and Roles
- Get-WindowsFeature
- Install-WindowsFeature | Uninstall-WindowsFeature
Use your management desktop to manage that machine you are configuring (Server Core) Can be remoted from another location.
Enable-PSRemoting
Convert UI from server core to gui
- Check if possible on existing server: Install-WindowsFeature server-gui-shell -whatif.
- gain access to Windows ISO through powerhsell, and upack the ISO.
- Look for install.wim
- create a mount point: mkdir c:\mount
- run> dism /get-wiminfo /winfile:x:\isos\unpacked\sources\install.wim
- dism /mount-wim /wimfile:x:\isos\unpacked\sources\install.wim /index:2 /mountdir:c:\mount /readonly
- install-windowsfeature server-gui-shell -source c:\mount\windows\winsxs -whatif
Convert GUI to server core (powershell) much easier process than vice versa.
Remove-WindowsFeature server-gui-shell, server-gui-mgmt-infra
Deploy Role or Feature on Remote servers (Powershell)
Install-WindowsFeature -Computername servercore1
Configure Remote management (Powershell)
configure-smremoting
Add and Remove Features in Offline Images
- dism /image:c:\mount /enable-feature /featurename:dhcpserver
- write the change to disk. :> dism /unmount-image /commit
Powershell Desired State Configuration
Allows you to create config docs for controlling how your servers are configured. Powershelldsc. Configure a document as to what a server aspires to become. Mechanism to control the items your interested in controlling.
Powershell DSC example
Configuration Server1
{
Node “server1” {
WindowsFeature DNSServer { Ensure = "Present" Name = "DNS" } } } Server1
Execute the DSC (Powershell)
Start-DscConfiguration -wait -verbose -path .\server1
Test the DSC config (powershell)
Test-DscConfiguration
MBR
Master Boot Record. Uses a partition table in the first sector of the disk to describe the location of disk partitions. Supports disks up to 2TB. Four primary partitions or three primary plus one extended partition.
GPT
GUID Partition Table. Uses extensible firmware interface to store partition information with redundancy. Support disks larger than 2TB. Not all previous windows versions can recognize GPT disks.
Mark the selected partition as active
diskpart active
Add a mirror to a simple volume
diskpart add
assign a drive letter or mount point to the selected volume
diskpart assign
manipulate volume or disk attributes
diskpart attributes
attach a virtual disk file
diskpart attach
enable and disable automatic mounting of basic volumes
diskpart automount
break a mirror set
diskpart break
Clear the configuration information, or all information, off the disk
diskpart clean
attempts to reduce the physical size of the file
diskpart compact
convert between different disk formats
diskpart convert
create a volume, partition or virtual disk
diskpart create
Delete an object
diskpart delete
Provide details about an object
diskpart detail
detach a virtual disk file
diskpart detach
Exit diskpart
exit
Extend a volume
Diskpart extend
expands the maximum size available on a virtual disk.
diskpart expand